成人流感住院患者临床特征及住院时长的影响因素分析  

An analysis of the clinical features and the influencing factors of the length of hospitalization of adult influenza inpatients

作　　者：李圆菲 曹理言 谢和宾 刘希良[3] LI Yuanfei;CAO Liyan;XIE Hebin;LIU Xiliang(Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicne·Changsha Eighth Hospital,Changsha 410199,China;The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital,Heng yang Medical School,University of South China,Changsha 410004,China;Changsha University,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙市中医医院·长沙市第八医院,湖南长沙410199 [2]南华大学附属长沙中心医院,湖南长沙410004 [3]长沙学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中国实验诊断学》2024年第11期1293-1296,共4页Chinese Journal of Laboratory Diagnosis

基　　金：2023年长沙市卫生健康委员会科研项目(KJ-B2023032)。

摘　　要：目的探讨成人流感住院患者临床特征及影响其住院时长的因素,为临床早期发现高风险人群和干预提供依据。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2019年12月527例成人住院流感患者的临床资料,按照住院时长分为两组(≤14天组和>14天组),比较两组的临床特征,探索住院时长的影响因素。结果住院时长≤14天组共398例,>14天组共129例。单因素分析显示,住院时长>14天组患高血压、冠心病、COPD、糖尿病、恶性肿瘤、肺结核、脑卒中的比例,出现气促、肺炎、合并呼吸衰竭、入住ICU的比例,痰细菌、真菌培养、血培养、尿培养阳性比例,以及PCT、BNP水平均明显高于≤14天组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示糖尿病、恶性肿瘤、合并呼吸衰竭、入住ICU、尿培养阳性为成人住院流感患者住院时间延长独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论基础病为糖尿病、恶性肿瘤、合并呼吸衰竭、入住ICU、尿培养阳性为影响成人住院流感患者住院时间延长危险因素。Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of adult influenza inpatients, and analyze the risk factors leading to hospitalization time > 14 days, so as to provide evidence for early clinical identification of high-risk groups and intervention.Methods Clinical data of 527 hospitalized adult influenza patients from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and they were divided into two groups according to hospitalization time ≤14 days and > 14 days, and their clinical characteristics were analyzed.Results Among the adult influenza hospitalized patients included in the study, there were 398 cases in the ≤14 d group and 129 cases in the >14 d group.There was no difference in gender between the two groups(P>0.05).Compared with those in ≤14 d group, in the >14 d group, patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, COPD,diabetes, malignant tumor, pulmonary tuberculosis and stroke were significantly more(P<0.05);the rates of shortness of breath, pneumonia, combined respiratory failure and ICU admission were significantly higher(P<0.05);the proportion of sputum bacteria, fungi culture, blood culture and urine culture positive was significantly higher;PCT and BNP were also significantly higher(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, malignant tumor, combined respiratory failure, admission to ICU,and positive urine culture were independent influencing factors for prolonging hospitalization time of adult hospitalized influenza patients(P<0.05).Conclusion Diabetes, malignant tumor, respiratory failure, admission to ICU,and positive urine culture are the risk factors for prolonging the hospitalization time of adult hospitalized influenza patients.

关 键 词：流行性感冒 临床特征 危险因素 

分 类 号：R968[医药卫生—药理学] R969.1[医药卫生—药学]