北京地区老年慢性病患者家庭药箱现状及居家药学服务需求调查  

Survey of current home medicine cabinets and pharmaceutical service needs among elderly patients with chronic diseases in Beijing

作　　者：国警月 金伟 郭晨阳 赵志刚[4] 武明芬 GUO Jing-yue;JIN Wei;GUO Chen-yang;ZHAO Zhi-gang;WU Ming-fen(Department of Pharmacy,Majiapu Community Health Service Center in Fengtai District,Beijing 100068;Department of Pharmacy,Shangzhuang Community Health Service Center in Haidian District,Beijing 100094;Department of Pharmacy,Puhuangyu Community Health Service Center in Fengtai District,Beijing 100075;Department of Pharmacy,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100070)

机构地区：[1]北京市丰台区马家堡社区卫生服务中心药剂科,北京100068 [2]海淀区上庄镇社区卫生服务中心药剂科,北京100094 [3]丰台区蒲黄榆社区卫生服务中心药剂科,北京100075 [4]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院药学部,北京100070

出　　处：《中南药学》2024年第11期2982-2987,共6页Central South Pharmacy

基　　金：国家卫生健康委药具管理中心药品使用说明书适老化研究项目(No.ZDC-2022-001)。

摘　　要：目的旨在深入探讨北京地区老年慢性病患者家庭药箱的管理现状及其药学服务需求,以期为优化居家药学服务模式提供实证依据。方法设计统一调查问卷,针对60岁及以上的慢性病患者进行调查。药师亲自上门,对每位受访者的家庭药箱进行细致整理,并实时记录调查数据。结果成功回收有效问卷766份,女性受访者占比57.44%。除慢性病治疗药物外,感冒发热类(90.47%)、止咳化痰类(68.93%)和抗感染类(56.53%)药品位列家庭储备前三。家庭药品储备中位数为12种,但超过半数家庭(54.96%)存在过期药品,近27.55%存在变质药品。值得警惕的是,29.89%的家庭未能定期清理药箱,68.80%的家庭选择将过期药品随生活垃圾丢弃。月收入、医疗支付方式和个人服药数量是影响家庭药品储备的关键因素(P<0.05)。高达98.69%的受访者表示急需药学服务,期望通过用药科普(65.14%)、药师门诊(62.35%)和药师入户指导(55.74%)等多种方式获得药学支持。结论北京地区老年慢性病患者家庭药箱管理亟待加强,存在诸多安全隐患。未来,居家药学服务应聚焦于优化家庭药箱管理,提高患者用药安全意识,为患者提供更为精准、有效的药学服务。Objective To explore the current management status of family medicine cabinets among elderly patients with chronic diseases in Beijing and their demand for pharmaceutical service,providing empirical evidence to optimize home-based pharmaceutical service models.Methods A unified questionnaire was designed for patients aged 60 and above with chronic diseases.Pharmacists visited each respondent's home,carefully organized their family medicine cabinets,and recorded realtime survey data.Results Totally 766 valid questionnaires were collected,with female respondents accounting for 57.44%.In addition to medications for chronic diseases,cold and fever medications(90.47%),cough relief and expectorant medications(68.93%),and anti-infection medications(56.53%)ranked as the top three household medications.The median number of household medication storage was 12,but more than half of the families(54.96%)had expired medications,and 27.55% had deteriorated medications.Alarmingly,29.89% of the families failed to sort out the medicine cabinets regularly,and 68.80% disposed expired medications as household waste.Monthly income,way of medical payments,and number of medications to be taken by patients were key factors for household medication storage(P<0.05).Up to 98.69% of the respondents expressed an urgent need for pharmaceutical service,expecting to receive pharmaceutical support through various means such as medication education(65.14%),pharmacist consultations(62.35%),and home visits of pharmacist for guidance(55.74%).Conclusion The management of family medicine cabinets for elderly patients with chronic diseases in Beijing urgently needs to be strengthened,as there are numerous safety hazards.In the future,homebased pharmaceutical service should focus on optimizing family medicine cabinet management,raising patient awareness of medication safety,and providing effective pharmaceutical services.

关 键 词：老年患者 慢性病 家庭药箱 药品储备 药学服务需求 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学] R969.3