地表基质的科学内涵与理论框架  

The scientific connotation and theoretical framework of ground substrate

作　　者：郝爱兵[1] 殷志强 李洪宇 鲁青原 彭令 邵海 江奇达 赵晓峰 刘玖芬 庞菊梅 杨柯 陈彭 孔繁鹏 侯红星 鲁敏 HAO Aibing;YIN Zhiqiang;LI Hongyu;LU Qingyuan;PENG Ling;SHAO Hai;JIANG Qida;ZHAO Xiaofeng;LIU Jiufen;PANG Jumei;YANG Ke;CHEN Peng;KONG Fanpeng;HOU Hongxing;LU Min(National Center of Comprehensive Natural Resources Survey,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100055,China;Harbin Center of Comprehensive Natural Resources Survey,China Geological Survey,Haerbin,Heilongjiang 150086,China;Langfang Center of Comprehensive Natural Resources Survey,China Geological Survey,Langfang,Hebei 065000,China;Mudanjiang Center of Comprehensive Natural Resources Survey,China Geological Survey,Mudanjiang,Heilongjiang 157021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心,北京100055 [2]中国地质调查局哈尔滨自然资源综合调查中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [3]中国地质调查局廊坊自然资源综合调查中心,河北廊坊065000 [4]中国地质调查局牡丹江自然资源综合调查中心,黑龙江牡丹江157021

出　　处：《地质学报》2024年第11期3225-3237,共13页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地质联合基金项目(编号U2344227);科技部第三次新疆综合科学考察(编号2022xjkk0302);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(编号DD20242032,DD20230489)联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：地表基质是中国科学家提出的自然资源领域新概念。从理论层面加以阐释和规范,是迫切需要解决的重大课题。本文基于多个地表基质调查和研究项目实践,在深入研究思考的基础上,阐明了地表基质和地表基质层的科学内涵及其与相关学科术语的区别与联系,综合考虑地下变温带深度、农作物和植被根系深度、表生岩溶发育带深度、风化壳厚度、潜水位埋深等5方面因素界定了地表基质层的底部边界;基于物质类型、成因类型和特征理化性质,提出了5类三级的地表基质分类方案和4种基本类型的地表基质层构型划分方案;系统总结梳理了与植被和农作物生长密切相关的3大类20项地表基质理化性质和微生物性质指标。这些内容构成地表基质理论的基本框架,可作为地表基质调查研究的基本参考和遵循。The ground substrate is a new concept in the field of natural resources,proposed by Chinese scientists.Explaining and standardizing from a theoretical perspective is an urgent and significant issue that needs to be addressed at present.This article,based on the practices of multiple ground substrate investigation and research projects,clarifies the scientific connotation of ground substrate and its layer,as well as their differences and connections with related discipline terms through in-depth study and analysis.We comprehensively consider five factors:the depth of the underground temperate zone,the depth of crop and vegetation root systems,the depth of the surface karst development zone,the thickness of the weathering crust,and the burial depth of groundwater.Based on these factors,we define the bottom boundary of the ground substrate layer.This article proposes five three-level classification schemes for ground substrate and four basic types of ground substrate layer configuration division schemes based on the material type,genetic type,and characteristic physicochemical properties.Finally,we systemically summarize and sort out 20 indicators of ground substrate physical-chemical and microbial properties closely related to vegetation and crop growth.These indicators constitute the basic framework of ground substrate theory and can be used as a reference and basis for future ground substrate investigation and research.

关 键 词：地表基质 地表基质层 科学内涵 理论框架 自然资源科学 

分 类 号：P966[天文地球—自然地理学]