青枯病导病型和抑病型植烟土壤氮循环微生物群落差异分析  

Analysis on Differences in Microbial Community Related to Nitrogen Cycling in Tobacco Disease-conducive and Suppressive Soils Against Tobacco Bacterial Wilt

作　　者：刘艳霞 李想 李寒 蒋天平 芶剑渝 张恒 朱经伟 高维常 姚云静 LIU Yanxia;LI Xiang;LI Han;JIANG Tianping;GOU Jianyu;ZHANG Heng;ZHU Jingwei;GAO Weichang;YAO Yunjing(Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,Guiyang,Guizhou 550081;Guizhou Tobacco Company,China Tobacco Company,Guiyang,Guizhou 550081;Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Zunyi Tobacco Company,Guizhou Tobacco Company,Zunyi,Guizhou 563000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省烟草科学研究院,贵州贵阳550081 [2]中国烟草总公司贵州省公司,贵州贵阳550081 [3]贵州大学,贵州贵阳550025 [4]贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第11期52-63,共12页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重点研发项目“土壤残留除草剂和化感物质的微生物消减关键技术研究”(110202202015),“烟草生防菌精准鉴定、重要性状解析及资源库建设”(110202201019);中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目“根际增氧技术促进有机肥养分转化的研究与应用”(201905),“基于烟叶特色香气品质彰显的土壤微生物调控技术研究与应用”(2021XM18),“烤烟根系趋化菌群重建抵御青枯菌机制及应用研究”(2022XM03);福建中烟项目“福建中烟基地单元高品质上部烟叶开发技术集成研究与应用”(闽烟工合作[2021]9号)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明导病型和抑病型植烟土壤氮循环微生物群落演替规律,为研究连作障碍发生的微生物机制奠定基础。【方法】通过“限微模拟宇宙系统”,采用稳定同位素核酸探针(DNA-SIP)技术标记氮来源,利用宏基因组高通量测序技术开展导病抑病植烟根际土壤氮循环微生物特征分析,并建立特征微生物与烟叶品质、产质量、青枯病发病状况等表观数据的相关性。【结果】导病抑病土壤中参与氮素循环的微生物种类具有差异,导病与抑病土壤中受根系分泌物调控的特有微生物分别为受土壤本身影响微生物数量的63.9%和1.29倍;在根系分泌物介导下,导病土壤中与氮循环相关的物种群落主要为变形菌门(Proteobacteria),主要上调与细胞运动和转运有关的基因;抑病土壤中主要为放线菌门(Actinobacteria),主要上调与物质转运与代谢有关的基因。导病与抑病土氮循环微生物具有显著差异的物种为硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospirae)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)和木纹杆菌门(Lgnavibacteriae);抑病土壤中与质量指标间存在极显著相关关系的微生物属比导病土壤少21.7%,但抑病土壤微生物与烟叶品质关键指标茄酮间关联性是交叉互作的,显著相关比例较导病土提升19.3百分点。【结论】根系分泌物主要影响导病土壤与氮素循环相关的微生物,土壤本身的性状主要影响抑病土壤氮素循环相关微生物,即导病土壤微生物易受作物的影响发生病害;抑病土壤通过调控土壤微生物对烟叶质量的影响,保持烟叶质量的稳定状态。【Objective】The succession of nitrogen cycling related microbial communities in tobacco diseaseconducive and suppressive soil was explored to lay the basis for the research on the microbial mechanism of continuous cropping.【Method】Through the limited micro-simulated universe system,the nitrogen sources were marked with the stable isotope nucleic acid probes(DNA-SIP)technology,and then the metagenome high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the characteristics of nitrogen cycling related microbes in tobacco disease-conducive and suppressive rhizosphere soil,and finally the correlations between characteristic microbes and the apparent data of tobacco leaf quality,yield quality and bacterial wilt incidence were established.【Result】The microbe species involved in nitrogen cycling in the disease-conducive and suppressive soils were different.The unique microbes regulated by root exudates in the disease-conducive and suppressive soils were 63.9%and 1.29 times of that affected by the soil itself,respectively.Under the mediation of root exudates,the microbial communities related to nitrogen cycling in disease-conducive soils were mainly Proteobacteria,which up-regulated genes related to cell movement and transport.However,in disease-suppressive soils,Actinobacteria was the main species,which up-regulated genes related to substance transport and metabolism.Nitrospirae,Verrucomicrobia and Lgnavibacteriae were significantly different between disease-conducive and suppressive soils in nitrogen cycling microorganisms.The number of microbial genera with extremely significant correlations with quality indicators in the disease-suppressive soil was 21.7%lower than that in the disease-conducive soil,but the correlation between the microorganisms in disease-suppressive soil and the key indicator of tobacco leaf quality solanone was crossinteractive.The ratio of significantly correlation was 19.3 percentage points higher than that of the disease-conducive soil.【Conclusion】The nitrogen cycling microbe

关 键 词：烟草 导病抑病土壤 烟草青枯病 根系分泌物 氮素循环微生物 稳定性同位素核酸探针技术 微生物群落 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S141[农业科学—农业基础科学]