生物领域重大科技计划决策机制与组织模式剖析  

Analysis of the Decision-Making Mechanism and Organizational Model of Major Scientific and Technological Plans in the Field of Biology

作　　者：林巧 辛竹琳 周洪[2,4] 邬金鸣 张学福 Lin Qiao;Xin Zhulin;Zhou Hong;Wu Jingming;Zhang Xuefu(Agricultural Information Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;National Science Library(Wuhan),Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China;Department of Information Resources Management,School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Big Data in Science and Technology,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京100081 [2]中国科学院武汉文献情报中心,湖北武汉430071 [3]中国科学院大学经济与管理学院信息资源管理系,北京100190 [4]科技大数据湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2024年第19期193-200,共8页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“前沿交叉领域识别与融合创新路径预测方法研究”(23&ZD225)。

摘　　要：以创新战略需求为导向的战略机制、组织模式和评价机制设计是中国基础研究布局面临的深层次问题。梳理21世纪以来美国、欧盟、英国和中国在生物领域的重大科技计划和战略布局,并以美国和英国两个生物科技创新领先国家为例,从决策与管理机制、资助模式、评价与保障机制和产学研合作机制4个方面剖析其生物战略规划举措,从生物经济先导、技术创新动力、经济发展保障、成果转化动力、挖掘发展潜力5个方面总结其顶层规划特点,据此提出优化组织结构、完善战略部署,推动开放科学、促进数据共享,增强人才储备、优化科技力量,聚焦关键技术、推动自主创新,以及培育产业主体、拓宽应用场景等建议,以期为中国生物领域设计部署战略性科学计划提供参考。The design of strategic mechanisms,organizational models,and evaluation mechanisms oriented to the strategic needs of innovation is a deep-rooted problem facing the layout of basic research in China.This study combs the major scientific and technological programs and strategic layouts of the United States,the European Union,the United Kingdom,and China in the field of biology since the 21st century,and takes the two biotechnology innovation leading countries of the United States and the United Kingdom as examples,analyzes their biostrategic planning initiatives from four aspects:decision-making and management mechanism,funding mode,evaluation and guarantee mechanism,and industry-university-research cooperation mechanism,and summarizes their top-level planning features from five aspects,namely,bio-economic pioneering,technological innovation power,economic development guarantee,results transformation power,and tapping development potential.Further,combined with the problems faced by China's bioeconomy,such as late start,weak scientific research foundation,insufficient innovation,and slow industrial development,suggestions are put forward to strengthen organizational structure and improve strategic deployment;promote open science and promote data sharing;strengthen talent team and optimize scientific and technological strength;focus on key technologies and promote independent innovation;cultivate industry entities and expand application scenarios,in order to provide reference for the design and deployment of strategic scientific plans in China's biological field.

关 键 词：生物战略 决策机制 组织模式 评价与保障机制 战略部署 

分 类 号：G311[文化科学] C93[经济管理—管理学] G301