野漆树种质资源分布、育种及开发利用现状与展望  

Current Situation and Prospect of Resource Distribution,Breeding,and Development and Utilization of Toxicodendron Sucedaneum

作　　者：温秀凤 陈新强 张冬生 刘丽 肖腊兴 唐国涛 魏锦秋 范秀琼 Wen Xiufeng;Chen Xinqiang;Zhang Dongshen;Liu Li;Xiao Laxing;Tang Guotao;Wei Jinqiu;Fan Xiuqiong(Meizhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Meizhou 514071,Guangdong,China;Forestry Research Institute,Meizhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center(Meizhou)for the Development and Use of the Forest Characteristic Resources,Meizhou 514011,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]梅州市农林科学院,广东梅州514071 [2]梅州市农林科学院林业研究所/广东省林下特色资源(梅州)开发应用工程技术研究中心,广东梅州514011

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第19期130-134,146,共6页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：梅州市地方标准项目“野漆树栽培技术规程”;广东省林业科技创新项目(编号:2019KJCX032)。

摘　　要：野漆树是原产于我国的特用经济树种,主要分布在华北至长江以南各省。野漆树树形优美,深秋时叶色红艳,是南方极具观赏性的彩叶树种,同时其适应性强,耐干旱瘠薄,也是南方红壤侵蚀区水土保持的优良先锋树种。野漆树果实中果皮富含油脂,可提取一种天然生物蜡———漆蜡,性能优异,广泛用于食品、药品、日用化妆品等行业,具有极高的经济价值。综述了野漆树的生物学特点、生态习性、资源分布、品质选育、繁殖技术及提取加工等方面的研究,并对野漆树的开发利用进行了探讨,旨在让人们了解这一经济树种,并为野漆树的研究和利用提供有益的资料。T.succedaneum is a special economic tree species native to China,mainly distributed in provinces from North China to the south of the Yangtze River.The tree shape of T.Succedaneum is beautiful,and its leaves are bright red in late autumn.It is a highly ornamental colored leaf ornamental tree species in the south.At the same time,it has strong adaptability and is resistant to drought and barren conditions.It is also an excellent pioneer tree species for soil and water conservation in red soil erosion areas in the south.The mesocarp of the fruit of T.Succedaneum contains a rich amount of oil,which can be used to extract a natural biological wax-lacquer wax.This type of wax has excellent performance and is widely used in industries such as food,medicine,and daily cosmetics,with extremely high economic value.This paper provides an overview of the biological characteristics,ecological habits,resource distribution,quality breeding,reproductive techniques,and extraction and processing of T.sucedaneum.It also explores the development and utilization of T.sucedaneum,aiming to help people understand this economic tree species and provide useful information for the research and utilization of T.sucedaneum.

关 键 词：野漆树 种质资源分布 育种 漆蜡 加工利用 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]