近50年西藏那曲西南部湖泊变化特征及其对气候变化的响应  

Changes in lakes in the southwest part of Nagqu,Tibet and their response to climate change in the past 50 years

作　　者：德吉玉珍 拉巴[2] 巴桑旺堆 白玛玉措 旦增益嘎 平措旺丹 德吉央宗 Deji-Yuzhen;Lhaba;Basang-Wangdui;Baima-Yucuo;Danzeng-Yiga;Pingcuo-Wangdan;Deji-Yangzong(Tibet Autonomous Region Climate Centre,Lhasa 850001,China;Tibetan Plateau Institute of Atmospheric Environment Science,Lhasa 850001,China;Tibet Autonomous Region Atmospheric Sounding Technology and Equipment Support Centre,Lhasa 850001,China;Linzhou County Meteorological Bureau,Linzhou 851600,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区气候中心,拉萨850001 [2]西藏高原大气环境科学研究所,拉萨850001 [3]西藏自治区大气探测技术与装备保障中心,拉萨850001 [4]林周县气象局,林周851600

出　　处：《气候变化研究进展》2024年第5期534-543,共10页Climate Change Research

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究专项(2019QZKK0106,2019QZKK020809)。

摘　　要：为了探讨气候变化对西藏那曲西南部湖泊变化的影响,基于1976—2022年Landsat系列遥感影像数据,采用最大似然法和目视解译的方法提取湖泊面积,结合水位、水量以及流域内气象数据,分析湖泊变化特征及其与气候因子之间的关系。结果表明,1976—2022年研究区湖泊总面积呈极显著扩张趋势,扩张率为6.96 km^(2)/a(P<0.001),2022年与1976年比较,面积增加234.29km^(2)。其中2000—2010年扩张最大,为144.44 km^(2),占总扩张量的64.46%;2010—2020年扩张最小,为7.98km^(2),只占总扩张量的3.56%;湖泊水位、水量变化与面积变化趋势基本相同。研究区湖泊面积与气温、最大冻土深度呈显著的相关(P<0.01),气温升高使得多年冻土融化、冰川消融,造成湖泊持续扩张。降水对湖泊面积扩张的影响是阶段性的。In order to explore the impact of climate change on the changes in lakes in the southwest of Nagqu,Tibet,the characteristics of lake changes and their relationship with climate factors were analyzed based on the 1976-2022 Landsat series of remote sensing image data.The results showed that the total area of lakes in 1976-2022 showed a significant expansion trend,at a rate of 6.96 km~2/a(P<0.001).Compared with 1976,the lake area increased by 234.29 km~2 in 2022,with the largest expansion of 144.44 km~2 in 2000-2010,accounting for 64.46%of the total expansion;and the smallest expansion of 7.98 km~2 in 2010-2020,accounting for only 3.56% of the total expansion.Changes in lake water level and water volume are basically the same as the lake area.The lake area are very significantly correlated with temperature,maximum frozen soil depth of the research area(P<0.01).The increase in temperature has caused the thawing of permafrost and the continuous expansion of the lake area.The influence of precipitation on expansion is staged.

关 键 词：气候变化 湖泊变化 遥感 那曲 

分 类 号：P343.3[天文地球—水文科学] P467[天文地球—地球物理学]