豫南稻虾共作模式下施氮量对再生稻产量和效益的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Amount on Yield and Benefits of Ratoon Rice under Crayfish and Rice Intercropping Mode in Southern Henan

作　　者：丰大清 刘祥臣 熊渠 赵海英 李歌星 万宇 王斌 谷孟轩 刘亚丽 FENG Daqing;LIU Xiangchen;XIONG Qu;ZHAO Haiying;LI Gexing;WAN Yu;WANG Bin;GU Mengxuan;LIU Yali(Xinyang City Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinyang,Henan 464000;Xiaogan City Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xiaogan,Hubei 432100;Luoshan County Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Xinyang,Henan 464200;Lu’an Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lu’an,Anhui 237000;Xinyang City Shihe District Agriculture and rural Bureau,Xinyang,Henan 464000)

机构地区：[1]信阳市农业科学院,河南信阳464000 [2]孝感市农业科学院,湖北孝感432100 [3]罗山县农业技术推广中心,河南信阳464200 [4]六安市农业科学研究院,安徽六安237000 [5]信阳市浉河区农业农村局,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第32期10-15,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：河南省水稻产业技术体系信阳综合试验站(HARS-22-03-Z2);河南省科技攻关“豫南再生稻提质增效关键技术研究与应用”(232102110035)。

摘　　要：为研究豫南稻区稻虾共作模式下再生稻田的适宜施氮量,以豫南再生稻主栽品种‘天两优616’为供试品,于2022年在商城县上石桥镇开展试验,相同的田间管理条件下设6个不同的氮肥水平处理N0(0 kg/hm^(2))、N1(249.27 kg/hm^(2))、N2(302.69 kg/hm^(2))、N3(356.10 kg/hm^(2))、N4(409.52 kg/hm^(2))、N5(462.93 kg/hm^(2)),研究不同施氮量对虾田再生稻两季产量和经济效益的影响。结果表明:随着氮肥施用量的增加,虾田再生稻两季产量呈先增后减的趋势,其中N4处理产量最高;氮肥农学利用率和偏生产力随着氮肥水平的增加而下降;随着施氮量的增加,再生稻周年经济效益为负值,综合经济效益曲线表明,当氮肥施用量为386.68 kg/hm^(2)时能够获得最佳收益。研究表明,适当增施氮肥能增加再生稻产量和经济效益,豫南稻区再生稻田稻虾共作模式最佳施氮量以386.68 kg/hm^(2)为宜。本研究可为豫南稻区稻虾共作模式下再生稻田合理施氮提供理论基础,促进虾田再生稻的推广应用。The suitable nitrogen application rate of ratooning rice in crayfish field was studied to provide theoretical basis for reasonable nitrogen application in ratooning rice field under rice-crayfish coculture in southern Henan and promoting the popularization and application of ratooning rice in crayfish field.In this experiment,‘Tianliangyou 616’,the main cultivated variety of ratooning rice in southern Henan paddy fields,was used as the research object.Under the same field management conditions,six different nitrogen fertilizer levels,including N0(0 kg/hm^(2)),N1(249.27 kg/hm^(2)),N2(302.69 kg/hm^(2)),N3(356.10 kg/hm^(2)),N4(409.52 kg/hm^(2))and N5(462.93 kg/hm^(2)),were set up to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the two-season yield and economic benefits of ratooning rice in crayfish fields.The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application amount,the two-season yield of ratooning rice showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,with the highest yield in the N4 treatment.Moreover,as the nitrogen application amount increased,the annual economic benefit of ratooning rice became negative.The comprehensive economic benefit curve showed that the best benefit could be obtained when the nitrogen application rate was 386.68 kg/hm^(2).The study results indicated that appropriate nitrogen fertilizer application could increase the yield and economic benefits of ratooning rice,and the optimal nitrogen application rate for the rice-crayfish culture in the southern Henan paddy fields was recommended to be 386.68 kg/hm^(2).This study could provide a theoretical basis for reasonable nitrogen application in ratooning rice fields under rice-crayfish coculture in southern Henan.

关 键 词：豫南稻区 再生稻 稻虾共作 产量 经济效益 适宜施氮量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]