全球气候变化对稻田温室气体排放和微生物群落影响的研究进展  

Effects of Global Climate Change on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Microbial Communities in Rice Fields

作　　者：赵津瑶 张彬[1] 伍龙梅 杨陶陶 徐伟诚 邹积祥[1] 陈青春 包晓哲 ZHAO Jinyao;ZHANG Bin;WU Longmei;YANG Taotao;XU Weicheng;ZOU Jixiang;CHEN Qingchun;BAO Xiaozhe(Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology for Rice Breeding/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510640;College of Agriculture&Biology,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所/广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室/广东省水稻工程实验室/农业农村部华南优质稻遗传育种重点实验室,广州510640 [2]仲恺农业工程学院农业与生物学院,广州510225

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第32期143-150,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金“溶磷菌Pyrenochaetopsis tabarestanensis W10-3促进水稻吸收和利用磷素的机理研究”(32101827);广东省自然科学基金“溶磷真菌Pyrenochaetopsis tabarestanensis W10-3促进水稻吸收和利用磷素的根际调控机制”(2022A1515010822);科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设)“优秀博士项目”(R2019YJ-YB2002);青年副研究员项目(R2022PY-QF001);广东省重点领域研发计划项目“直播水稻精准育种技术开发及新品种培育示范”(2021B0707010006);广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室(2023B1212060042)。

摘　　要：稻田是二氧化碳(CO_(2))、甲烷(CH_(4))和氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)等温室气体的重要排放源之一,稻田温室气体产生与排放一直是研究关注的热点和重点。IPCC预测未来全球气候变化主要表现为气候变暖、大气CO_(2)浓度和近地层臭氧(O_(3))浓度升高,三者对稻田温室气体的排放具有不同程度的影响。稻田微生物群落对全球气候变化的响应也很敏感,进而直接或间接影响温室气体的排放。通过文献综述,总结了近年来全球气候变化对稻田温室气体排放和稻田微生物群落的影响、全球气候变化背景下稻田微生物对温室气体排放的效应以及稻田关键微生物在温室气体减排中的应用,指出未来应综合考虑多因子气候变化对稻田温室气体排放的影响并加强对其机制的研究,加强稻田微生物对温室气体排放调控效应和机制研究,以及筛选减排效果显著的微生物类群用以开发成熟的稻田温室气体减排微生物产品。Rice fields are one of the major sources of greenhouse gas(GHG)such as carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),methane(CH_(4))and nitrous oxide(N_(2)O),and the production and emission of GHG in rice fields has always been a hot topic in related research.IPCC predicts that future global climate change is mainly manifested as global warming,increased atmospheric CO_(2)concentration and near-surface ozone(O_(3))concentration.The three factors have different effects on GHG emissions in rice fields.Meanwhile,global climate change also affects microbial communities in paddy fields,thus directly or indirectly affecting greenhouse gas emissions.This research reviewed the recent literatures to provide an overview of the following topics:the impact of global climate change on greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields;the impact of global climate change on microbial communities in rice fields;the impact of paddy microorganisms on greenhouse gas emissions in the context of global climate change;and the application of key microorganisms in rice fields to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in recent years.It is pointed out that subsequent studies should comprehensively consider the effects of multi-factor climate change on GHG emissions in rice paddies and strengthen the research on the mechanisms involved.

关 键 词：气候变暖 大气二氧化碳浓度升高 近地层臭氧浓度升高 温室气体 微生物群落 减排 稻田 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]