涡轮叶片多排气膜叠加特性及机理分析  

Multi-row film superposition characteristics and mechanism on turbine vane

作　　者：张帆 刘存良[1,3] 曹飞飞[1] 周天亮 李继宸 ZHANG Fan;LIU Cunliang;CAO Feifei;ZHOU Tianliang;LI Jichen(School of Power and Energy Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710129,China;Science and Technology on Space Physics Laboratory,China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing 100076,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Thermal Sciences in Aero-Engine System,Xi’an 710129,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,陕西西安710129 [2]中国运载火箭技术研究院空间物理重点实验室,北京100076 [3]陕西省航空动力系统热科学重点实验室,陕西西安710129

出　　处：《推进技术》2024年第11期130-142,共13页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2241268);陕西省创新能力支持计划(2023-CX-TD-19);国家科技重大专项(J2019-Ⅲ-0019-0063)。

摘　　要：实际涡轮叶片的气膜孔由于强度要求,需要保证有限的开孔率。为探究在涡轮叶片上相同开孔率条件下,不同气膜孔排布方式下的气膜冷却效率及叠加特性,研究了单排、三排、五排圆柱孔和扇形孔在不同吹风比下的气膜冷却效率分布及气膜叠加与掺混机理。研究发现:孔形是影响气膜叠加预测准确性的重要几何因素,扇形孔叠加预测的准确性明显高于圆柱孔。肾形涡的强度是两者差异的主要原因。吹风比和孔排数也会显著影响到叠加预测模型的准确性。吹风比的增大会引起预测误差逐渐增大。吹风比决定了冷却射流的动量并影响了气膜掺混强度,这就造成了叠加预测误差随孔排数的增多逐渐增大这一现象。气膜射流吹飞会造成叠加预测误差显著增大。The film holes on the actual turbine vanes sometimes need to be guaranteed limited opening rate due to strength requirements.In order to study the film cooling effectiveness and superposition characteristics on the turbine vane for different film hole layouts at the same opening ratio,the paper investigated the distribution of film cooling effectiveness and film superposition and mixing mechanism of single-row,three-row and five-row cylindrical holes and fan-shaped holes layouts at different blowing ratios.It was found that hole shape is an impor⁃tant geometric factor affecting the film superposition prediction accuracy,and the superposition prediction accura⁃cy of fan-shaped hole is significantly higher than that of cylindrical hole.The strength of the kidney vortex is the main reason for the difference.The blowing ratio and the number of rows of holes also significantly affect the accu⁃racy of superposition prediction model.Increasing blowing ratio causes the prediction error to increase gradually.The blowing ratio determines the momentum of the cooling jet,which affects the film mixing strength thus contrib⁃uting to the phenomenon that increasing the number of rows of holes causes a gradual increase in the prediction er⁃ror.It can significantly increase the film superposition prediction error when the cooling jets blow off.

关 键 词：开孔率 气膜孔布局 气膜叠加 涡轮叶片 气膜冷却效率 扇形孔 

分 类 号：V235.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]