低功率平板型霍尔推力器等离子体束流加速机制研究  

Plasma beam acceleration mechanism of low-power planar Hall thruster

作　　者：薛舒文 苗鹏 王伟宗 刘伟[1] 李亦非 张广川 XUE Shuwen;MIAO Peng;WANG Weizong;LIU Wei;LI Yifei;ZHANG Guangchuan(School of Astronautics,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Shanghai Institute of Space Propulsion,Shanghai 201112,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学宇航学院,北京100191 [2]上海空间推进研究所,上海201112

出　　处：《推进技术》2024年第11期269-278,共10页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51977003);上海空间推进研究所创新基金。

摘　　要：为揭示平板型霍尔推力器的束流加速机理,并以此为基础提供推力器的性能优化方法,本文采用法拉第探针、E×B探针及推力架实验系统研究了平板型霍尔推力器在不同工况下的束流特性及推力器性能参数变化规律,并利用粒子网格法仿真获得了微观等离子体放电特征参数分布规律。研究表明,平板型霍尔推力器束流呈现出特有的“山”字形形貌,束流发散半角在所测量流量下约为70°,且随流量增大而增大,而电离加速区域分离的过程导致束流离子能量随流量增大先增大后减小。性能测试结果显示,平板型霍尔推力器随流量增大多价电离显著,电压利用率和工质利用率的提高平衡了电流利用率和束流发散效率的降低,使得其比冲和阳极效率随流量增大而提高。In order to reveal the beam acceleration mechanism of planar Hall thrusters and provide a perfor⁃mance optimization method,this paper studied the beam characteristics of planar Hall thrusters under different working conditions by using Faraday probe,E×B probe and thrust stand experiment system.The distribution of characteristic parameters of microscopic plasma discharge was obtained by particle-in-cell simulation.The re⁃sults show that the beam of the planar Hall thruster has a unique‘epsilon’shape.The beam divergence angle is approximately 70°at the measured flow rates and increases with the increase of the flow rate.The separation of ion⁃ization regions and acceleration regions causes the beam ion energy to increase first and then decrease with the in⁃crease of the flow rate.The thruster performance test results show that the planar Hall thruster exhibits significant multivalent ionization with increasing flow rate.The increases of the voltage utilization and propellant utilization balance the decrease in current utilization and beam divergence efficiency,resulting in an increase in specific im⁃pulse and anode efficiency with increasing flow rates.

关 键 词：低功率霍尔推力器 外部放电 束流特性 电离加速区分离 粒子网格法仿真 

分 类 号：V439.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]