1950-2003年中国近海历史风暴潮增水时空特征  

Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Storm Surges along the Coast of China Based on Historical Data from 1950 to 2003

作　　者：楚栋栋 覃悦 李梦雨 王敏[1,2] 曾鑫 元媛[1,2] 车助镁 张继才 CHU Dong-dong;QIN Yue;LI Meng-yu;WANG Min;ZENG Xin;YUAN Yuan;CHE Zhu-mei;ZHANG Ji-cai(River Research Department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Water Resources on River&Lake Regulation and Flood Control in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;Institute of Physical Oceanography and Remote Sensing,Zhejiang University,Zhoushan 316000,China;Marine Monitoring and Forecasting Center of Department of Natural Resources of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310000,China;State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]长江科学院河流研究所,武汉430010 [2]长江科学院水利部长江中下游河湖治理与防洪重点实验室,武汉430010 [3]浙江大学物理海洋与遥感研究所,浙江舟山316000 [4]浙江省自然资源厅海洋监测预报中心,杭州310000 [5]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2024年第11期88-94,共7页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作专项”(2022YFE0117500);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CKSF2023293/HL,CKSF2023321/HL,CKSF2023294/HL,CKSF2023328/HL)。

摘　　要：风暴潮是中国沿海最严重的自然灾害之一。对1950-2003年中国沿海67个站点的风暴潮增水数据进行了统计和分析,得到了中国沿海风暴潮增水的时空分布。研究发现,无论在频次还是在强度上,东南沿海都是中国沿海风暴潮灾害最严重的区域,风暴潮强度集中在Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级和V级,其中长江口和杭州湾风暴潮增水较大。此外,风场路径和天文潮潮汛对风暴潮增水的影响显著;以定海站点为例,在125°E以西转向的热带气旋对该站点风暴潮增水影响最大,风暴潮增水的极值时刻绝大多数在大潮时刻,潮汐时刻多在天文低潮前后。研究结果可为风暴潮风险评估和防灾减灾提供参考。Storm surge is one of the most serious natural disasters along the coast of China.The temporal and spatial distribution of storm surge in China’s coastal areas was obtained by analyzing the storm surge data of 67 stations from 1950 to 2003.It is found that the southeast coast of China is the region with the most serious storm surge disasters in terms of frequency and intensity,and the intensity of storm surges is concentrated inⅢ,Ⅳ,andⅣlevels.The storm surge in the Yangtze Estuary and Hangzhou Bay are relatively large.Moreover,the path of the wind field and the astronomical tide have a significant impact on the storm surge.Taking Dinghai station as an example,the path of the tropical cyclone turning to the west of 125°E has the most significant impact on the storm surge and most of the occurrence time of peak surge is around spring tide and before and after the astronomical low tide.The results can provide a reference for storm surge risk assessment and disaster prevention and mitigation.

关 键 词：风暴潮 增水 中国近海 时空分布 

分 类 号：P751[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]