基于调度调控的泄水建筑物进口漩涡水力特性  

Hydraulic Characteristics of Inlet Vortex of Discharge Structures Based on Dispatch Regulation

作　　者：聂艳华[1,2] 王波 侯冬梅[2,4] 胡晗[2,4] NIE Yan-hua;WANG Bo;HOU Dong-mei;HU Han(R&D Department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Water Resources on River-Lake Regulation and Flood Control in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;Xiangjiaba Power Plant of Three Gorges Jinsha Jiangchuan Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,China;Hydraulics Department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江科学院科研计划处,武汉430010 [2]长江科学院水利部长江中下游河湖治理与防洪重点实验室,武汉430010 [3]三峡金沙江川云水电开发有限公司宜宾向家坝电厂,武汉430010 [4]长江科学院水力学研究所,武汉430010

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2024年第11期118-124,共7页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：长江流域水库群科学调度关键技术研究项目(第三阶段0704178);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0401904)。

摘　　要：水利工程泄水建筑物进口经常存在吸气漩涡现象,影响工程泄水安全。现有关于进水口漩涡的研究侧重于理论研究和模拟方法,以调度调控为切入点研究漩涡在调度扰动下水力响应特性的较少。通过原型观测、数值模拟、物理模型试验等方式开展对比试验研究,揭示研究区域漩涡产生的机理和关键影响因子,阐明调控运行下泄水建筑物水力响应特性,建立了水流流态与泄洪调度方式的对应关系。研究表明影响漩涡形成和强度大小的主要影响因素包括水流速度环量、流场边界条件、闸口相对淹没水深等,其形成由河道河势走向、泄洪建筑物布置和体型、泄洪调度方式等共同作用决定。通过调度调控可有效降低有害漩涡强度,降低泄水建筑物运行风险。Suction vortices at the inlet of discharge structures often affect the discharge safety of water conservancy projects.Existing research primarily focuses on theoretical analyses and simulation methods for inlet vortices,while studies on the hydraulic response characteristics of vortices under operational disturbances are limited,especially with respect to scheduling control.We performed comparative experimental research through prototype observation,numerical simulations,and physical model experiments to elucidate the mechanisms and key factors influencing vortex formation.We also aim to clarify the hydraulic response of discharge structures under various regulation and operational conditions and to establish the relationship between water flow patterns and flood discharge scheduling methods.Our findings reveal that vortex formation and intensity are significantly affected by factors such as water flow velocity,circulation patterns,flow field boundary conditions,and the relative submergence depth at the gate.These vortices result from the combined effects of river regime,design and layout of flood discharge structures,and flood discharge scheduling practices.By optimizing discharge scheduling and regulation,we can effectively reduce the intensity of harmful vortices and mitigate operational risks associated with discharge structures.

关 键 词：泄水建筑物 进口漩涡 水力特性 调控技术 数值模拟 物理模型 原型观测 

分 类 号：TV13[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]