查旦湿地高寒草地牧草营养品质空间格局  

Spatial Distribution of Herbage Nutrition in Alpine Meadows in Chatan Wetland of Dangqu Basin

作　　者：程学军[1,2] 廖茂昕 付重庆 张双印 徐坚 CHENG Xue-jun;LIAO Mao-xin;FU Chong-qing;ZHANG Shuang-yin;XU Jian(Department of Spatial Information Technology Application,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;Wuhan Smart Watershed Engineering Technology Research Center,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江科学院空间信息技术应用研究所,武汉430010 [2]武汉市智慧流域工程技术研究中心,武汉430010

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2024年第11期189-195,202,共8页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2023296/KJ,CKSF2023191/KJ);长江源典型高寒湿地碳储量估算科学考察研究项目(CKSK2023798/KJ)。

摘　　要：牧草产量和营养品质是合理载畜量的基础,对于畜牧业生产意义重大。基于当曲流域查旦湿地天然高寒草甸的野外调查数据和空间信息,结合实验室化验的牧草粗蛋白、中(酸)性洗涤纤维含量,分析牧草营养品质指标的空间分布,探究其在土壤类型变化下的空间异质性。结果表明:粗蛋白含量在雏形土牧草中自南向北先递减后递增,最小值出现在32.90°N左右;中性洗涤纤维含量在高活性淋溶土牧草中自南向北先递增后递减,最大值出现在32.85°N左右;酸性洗涤纤维含量在雏形土牧草中自南向北先递增后递减,最大值出现在32.90°N左右。在高程4650~4850 m之间,雏形土牧草中的粗蛋白含量与高程有着极其显著的正相关性(R^(2)=0.61,p<0.01);雏形土牧草中的酸性洗涤纤维含量与高程有着显著的负相关性(R^(2)=0.43,p<0.05)。优质高寒牧草主要以32.90°N左右为最低点,自南向北呈U形分布;在高程4650~4850 m之间,牧草营养品质与高程呈正相关。研究成果可以加深对于长江源高寒草地营养品质的认知,提高长江源高寒草地的合理利用水平,为畜牧业集约化、规模化、生态化、数字化发展提供辅助建议。Forage yield and quality are the basis of reasonable livestock carrying capacity,which is of great significance for livestock production.Based on the field survey data and spatial information of natural alpine meadows in Chatan wetland of Dangqu basin,this paper analyzes the spatial distribution of forage nutrient quality indexes and explores their spatial heterogeneity under the change of soil types by combining with the laboratory test.The results showed that:crude protein content decreased and then increased from south to north in Cambisols pasture,with the minimum value occurring at about 32.90°N;neutral detergent fiber content increased and then decreased from south to north in highly active lyophilized soil pasture,with the maximum value occurring at about 32.85°N;and acidic detergent fiber content increased and then decreased from south to north in Cambisols pasture,with the maximum value occurring at about 32.90°N.Between 4650 and 4850 m,the crude protein content of Cambisols pasture had an extremely significant positive correlation with elevation(R^(2)=0.61,p<0.01);the acid detergent fiber content of Cambisols pasture had a significant negative correlation with elevation(R^(2)=0.43,p<0.05).High-quality alpine pastures are mainly distributed in a U-shape from south to north with 32.90°N as the lowest point.Forage nutritional quality was positively correlated with elevation between 4650 and 4850 m.The research results can deepen the knowledge of the nutritional quality of the alpine grassland in the Yangtze River source,improve the rational utilization of the alpine grassland in the Yangtze River source,and provide auxiliary suggestions for the intensive,large-scale,ecological and digital development of the animal husbandry industry.

关 键 词：牧草营养品质 高寒草甸 粗蛋白 中性洗涤纤维 酸性洗涤纤维 查旦湿地 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]