论企业信用数据权利:理论阐释、权利体系与边界明确  

On the Rights of Enterprise Credit Data:Theoretical Interpretation,Rights System,and Clear Boundaries

作　　者：张路 刘隽基 Zhang Lu;Liu Junji(Schoo of Credit Risk Management,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学信用风险管理学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《征信》2024年第11期14-23,79,共11页Credit Reference

基　　金：湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(22B0132)。

摘　　要：“数据二十条”为企业信用数据确权明确了政策性方向。现行法律代替论对企业信用数据确权的必要性提出了质疑,不确定性阻碍论和利益冲突论影响着确权的可行性。以新型财产权对企业信用数据进行诠释,既能避免“反公地悲剧”,又能解决权利客体不确定问题,还能妥善协调不同主体的数据利益关系。企业信用数据的权利体系包括:作为信用数据来源者的企业,享有现行法律规定的在先权益,同时受到合同和侵权制度的兜底保护;作为信用数据处理者的企业,则享有信用数据资源持有权、信用数据加工权、信用数据产品经营权等信用数据“三权”。企业信用数据权利体系和合法、合理使用制度,共同确定了企业信用数据权利的边界。The“Data 20 Articles”have clarified the policy direction for the confirmation of enterprise credit data rights.The current legal substitution theory has raised doubts about the necessity of confirming the ownership of enterprise credit data,and the uncertainty hindrance theory and conflict of interest theory affect the feasibility of confirming ownership.The interpretation of enterprise credit data with new property rights can not only avoid the“tragedy of anti-commons”,but also solve the problem of the uncertainty of the object of rights,and properly coordinate the relationship of data interests of different subjects.The rights system of enterprise credit data includes:as the source of credit data,the enterprise enjoys the prior rights and interests stipulated by the existing law,and is protected by the contract and infringement system;As a credit data processor,enterprises enjoy the“three rights”of credit data,including the right to hold credit data resources,the right to process credit data,and the right to operate credit data products.The rights system of enterprise credit data and the legitimate and reasonable use system jointly determine the boundary of the rights of enterprise credit data.

关 键 词：企业信用数据 数据权利 信用数据确权 新型财产权 信用数据权利体系 

分 类 号：F832.1[经济管理—金融学] D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D923[政治法律—法学]