不同早稻品种净光合速率对产量和群体特性的影响  

Effects of Net Photosynthetic Rate on Yield and Population Characteristics of Different Early Rice Varieties

作　　者：周丁香 曾莹 许晓萱 龙俊江 普思维 徐华勤 Zhou Dingxiang;Zeng Ying;Xu Xiaoxuan;Long Junjiang;Pu Siwei;Xu Huaqin(College of Agriculture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,410128;College of Resources and Environment,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,410128)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第22期7469-7476,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300409)资助。

摘　　要：本研究采用温室气体自动分析仪与循环透明箱结合的方法,以早稻‘湘早籼45’、‘中早39’和‘株两优819’为试材,分析在大田种植中不同早稻品种净光合速率对产量和群体特性的影响,考察各早稻品种产量及产量构成和叶片SPAD值、株高、茎蘖动态、生物总量和净光合速率等变化指标。结果表明:早稻产量‘株两优819’>‘中早39’>‘湘早籼45’;茎蘖动态(孕穗期-齐穗期)‘株两优819’>‘中早39’>‘湘早籼45’;生物总量(抽穗期-齐穗期)‘株两优819’>‘中早39’>‘湘早籼45’;不同早稻品种净光合速率均在齐穗期达到最大值,随后持续下降。‘株两优819’在各生育阶段的净光合速率均高于‘湘晚籼45’和‘中早39’;通过相关性分析发现,不同早稻品种净光合速率与茎蘖动态及生物总量呈显著正相关;不同品种早稻抽穗期地上部干物质积累、生物总量与产量呈显著正相关,齐穗期生物总量与产量呈显著正相关,孕穗期地上部干物质积累与千粒重、结实率成显著正相关。试验结果表明,在分蘖盛期后,较高的水稻净光合速率能够增加水稻分蘖数;早稻群体生物总量和净光合速率显著正相关,不同早稻品种同一生长阶段净光合速率不同,其生物总量积累阶段也不同;作物净光合速率可能与群体产量并无直接相关联系。The effects of net photosynthetic rateon yield and population characteristics of different early rice varieties in field planting were analyzed using early rice 'Xiangzaoxian45', 'Zhongzao39' and 'Zhuliangyou 819' as test materials by combining greenhouse gas automatic analyzer and circular transparent box in this research. The yield and yield components of each early rice variety and the variation indexes of leaf SPAD value, plant height, tiller dynamics, total biomass and P_(n) were investigated. The results showed that the yield of early rice: 'Zhuliangyou-8199' > 'Zhongzao399' > 'Xiangzaoxian45'. Stem-tillering dynamics(Booting stage-full heading stage) of rice: 'Zhuliangyou8199' > 'Zhongzao399' > 'Xiangzaoxian45'. Total biomass(Heading stage-full heading stage): 'Zhuliangyou8199' > 'Zhongzao39' > 'Xiangzaoxian45'. The net photosynthetic rate of different early rice varieties reached the maximum at full heading stage, and then continued to decline. The net photosynthetic rate of 'Zhuliangyou 819'was higher than that of 'Xiangwanxian45' and 'Zhongzao39' at each growth stage. Correlation analysis showed that net photosynthetic rate of different early rice was positively correlated with tiller dynamics and biomass;dry matter accumulation and total biomass of aboveground parts of different varieties at heading stage were significantly positively correlated with yield, while total biomass at full heading stage was significantly positively correlated with yield, and dry matter accumulation of aboveground parts at booting stage was significantly positively correlated with 1 000-grain weight and seed setting rate. The results showed that higher net photosynthetic rate of rice population can increase tiller number after tillering peak;the total biomass and net photosynthetic rate of early rice population were significantly positively correlated;the net photosynthetic rates of different early rice varieties at the same growth stage were different, and the total biomass accumulation stages were also different. The net p

关 键 词：早稻 净光合速率 群体特性 产量及产量构成 

分 类 号：S511.31[农业科学—作物学]