糯高粱杂交种‘吉杂238’的选育及轻简化栽培技术  

Breeding and Simplified Cultivation Techniques of Waxy Sorghum Hybrid'Jiza238'

作　　者：于淼 石贵山[1] 李海青[1] 王江红[1] 唐玉劼 郑士梅[2] 丁孝营[2] 徐宁[1] 陈冰嬬[1] 王鼐[1] Yu Miao;Shi Guishan;Li Haiqing;Wang Jianghong;Tang Yujie;Zheng Shimei;Ding Xiaoying;Xu Ning;Chen Bingru;Wang Nai(Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling,136100;Institute of Crops,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jilin,132101)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院作物资源研究所,公主岭136100 [2]吉林省吉林市农业科学院作物研究所,吉林132101

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第22期7477-7483,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2020YFD100003);吉林省科技发展计划资助项目(20210202116NC);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-06-14.5-A10)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了提高高粱种植的经济效益,推动高粱产业健康稳定发展,选育熟期适中、高产、支链淀粉含量高、适宜机械化生产的糯高粱杂交种,以满足南方浓香型和酱香型白酒对糯高粱品种的需求。‘吉杂238’是以自选糯质不育系吉5535A为母本,外引系糯878R为父本组配而成的支链淀粉含量高达99.37%的糯高粱杂交种,该品种参加国家春播早熟区新品种区域试验,2年平均产量为9 385.5 kg/hm^(2),比对照‘吉杂210’增产6.25%。生育期118 d,株高160 cm,穗长28.6 cm,穗粒重92 g,千粒重29.7 g,容重748.9 g/L。该品种具有籽粒颜色好、中矮秆、糯质、产量高、中抗丝黑穗病等特点。适宜在吉林省中西部地区、黑龙江省第一积温带、内蒙古东部等区域进行轻简化栽培推广应用。In order to improve the economic benefits of sorghum cultivation and promote the healthy and stable development of the sorghum industry, select and breed waxy sorghum hybrids with moderate maturity, high yield,high amylopectin content and suitable for mechanized production to meet the demand for waxy sorghum varieties in southern Luzhou-flavor and Maotai-flavor liquors. 'Jiza238' is a waxy sorghum hybrid with amylopectin content as high as 99.37%, which is composed of the self-selected waxy sterile line Ji5535A as the fe male parent and the imported line Nuo878R as the male parent. The variety participated in the regional test of the new variety in the national early maturing area of spring sowing. The average yield in two years was 9 385.5 kg/hm^(2), an average increase of 6.25% compared with the control 'Jiza210'. The growth period was 118 d, the plant height was160 cm, the spike length was 28.6 cm, the grain weight was 92 g, the thousand-grain weight was 29.7 g, and the bulk density was 748.9 g/L. The variety has the characteristics of good grain color, medium dwarf, waxy, high yield, and moderate resistance to sorghum silk smut. It is suitable for light, simplified and efficient cultivation in the central and western regions of Jilin Province, the first accumulated temperate zone of Heilongjiang Province,and eastern Inner Mongolia.

关 键 词：糯高粱 杂交种 吉杂238 选育 轻简化栽培 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]