五彩椒根尖染色体压片技术及核型分析  

Pressing Technology of Root Tip Chromosome and Karyotype Analysis of Capsicum annuum

作　　者：宗宪春[1] 张博 Zong Xianchun;Zhang Bo(College of Life Science and Technology,Mudanjiang Normal University,Mudanjiang,157011)

机构地区：[1]牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,牡丹江157011

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第22期7493-7500,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅项目(SJGZ20200177)资助。

摘　　要：本研究以五彩椒初生种子的根尖为材料,探讨不同取材时间、预处理试剂、预处理时间和解离方法对五彩椒根尖染色体压片的影响,从而获得一套完整的五彩椒根尖染色体压片技术,并以此为基础进行核型分析。结果表明:最佳取材时间为上午9:00~11:00;以0.2%秋水仙素、对二氯苯饱和液、0.002 mol/L 8-羟基喹啉以及饱和对二氯苯与0.002 mol/L 8-羟基喹啉1∶1混合液作为预处理液,均可得到形态清晰、分散较好的高质量染色体制片,其中0.002 mol/L 8-羟基喹啉与对二氯苯饱和液的最佳预处理时间为2 h,饱和对二氯苯与0.002 mol/L 8-羟基喹啉1∶1混合液的最佳预处理时间为3 h,0.2%秋水仙素的最佳预处理时间为6 h,且0.2%秋水仙素的制片效果优于饱和对二氯苯与0.002 mol/L 8-羟基喹啉1∶1混合液、0.002 mol/L 8-羟基喹啉与对二氯苯饱和液;最佳解离方法为1 mol/L的HCl溶液60℃水浴10 min。五彩椒为二倍体,染色体数目为2n=24,其核型公式为2n=2x=24=22m+2sm,核型属于2B型,核型不对称系数(As.K.%)为56.12。In this study, the root tip of primary seed of Capsicum annuum was used as the material to explore the effects of different sampling time, pretreatment reagent, pretreatment time and dissociation method on pressing technology of root tip chromosome of Capsicum annuum, so as to obtain a complete set of pressing technology of root tip chromosome of Capsicum annuum. Based on these results, karyotype analysis was carried out. The results showed that the best sampling time was 9:00~11:00 a.m. With 0.2% colchicine, p-dichlorobenzene saturated solution, 0.002 mol/L 8-hydroxyquinoline and saturated p-dichlorobenzene and 0.002 mol/L 8-hydroxyquinoline1∶1 mixed solution as pretreatment solution, clear morphology and good dispersion of high-quality chromosome preparation can be obtained. The optimal pretreatment time of 0.002 mol/L 8-hydroxyquinoline and p-dichlorobenzene saturated solution was 2 h, the optimal pretreatment time of saturated p-dichlorobenzene and 0.002 mol/L8-hydroxyquinoline 1∶1 mixed solution was 3 h, and the optimal pretreatment time of 0.2% colchicine was 6 h.The preparation effect of 0.2% colchicine was better than that of saturated p-dichlorobenzene and 0.002 mol/L8-hydroxyquinoline 1:1 mixed solution, 0.002 mol/L 8-hydroxyquinoline and p-dichlorobenzene saturated solution.The best dissociation method was 1 mol/L HCl solution in 60℃ water bath for 10 min. The number of chromosomes is 2n =24. The formula of karyotype is 2n =2x =24 =22m +2sm. The karyotype belongs to 2B, and the karyotype asymmetry coefficient(AS.K.%) is 56.12.

关 键 词：五彩椒 根尖 染色体 压片技术 核型分析 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]