挡风墙对风力机尾流干扰特性的研究  

STUDY ON INTERFERENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF WINDBREAKS ON WAKE OF WIND TURBINE

作　　者：孙芳锦 邓富河 张大明 曾倩 Sun Fangjin;Deng Fuhe;Zhang Daming;Zeng Qian(College of Civil and Architectural Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China;Construction College,Guangdong Technology College,Zhaoqing 526100,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Embedded Technology and Intelligent System,Guilin 514004,China;College of Information Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学土木与建筑工程学院,桂林541004 [2]广东理工学院建设学院,肇庆526100 [3]广西嵌入式技术与智能系统重点实验室,桂林541004 [4]桂林理工大学信息科学与工程学院,桂林541004

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2024年第11期454-459,共6页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52178468,52268023);广西自然科学基金(2023GXNSFAA026418);广西青年创新人才科研专项(桂科AD19245012)。

摘　　要：针对不同排布方式下风力机尾流干扰问题,探寻在有限场地内减小风力机尾流干扰方法。利用数值模拟对不同排布下的风力机尾流干扰进行研究,得到尾流干扰最不利工况以限制场地大小,后加入挡风墙,开展挡风墙放置位置和高度变化对风力机尾流干扰特性的研究。研究得到不同排布方式下的尾流分布,以及加入挡风墙时尾流干扰的风速云图和功率分布规律,发现不同参数挡风墙对尾流干扰的限制影响。研究表明:随着串列干扰间距的增大,干扰效应逐渐减弱;功率随串列干扰间距的增加而增加,在串列间距为3D(D为风轮直径)时干扰效应最大;错列间距越大,干扰效应越弱,尾流恢复变慢,功率随错列间距增加而增加。随着错列间距的增大,干扰程度逐渐减弱,风速损失变小;错列使尾流叠加效应减弱,尾流膨胀减弱。挡风墙距离下游风力机越近时,越能限制上游风力机的尾流,提高下游风力机来流风速;3种高度下的挡风墙,对尾流干扰限制最佳高度为25 m,40 m的挡风墙比10 m的挡风墙效果差。Aiming at the wind turbine wake interference effects for different layouts,methods of reducing wind turbine wake interference in limited site is explored.Wind turbine wake interference effects for different layouts are studied by numerical simulation,and the most unfavorable working conditions among wake interference effects are selected to limit the size of the site.Then the windbreak wall is added and study on the wake interference effect characteristics of wind turbines is carried out,as the position and height of the windbreak wall change.And the distribution of the wake flow for different layouts,and the wind speed contours,as well as power law of the wake flow interference with windbreak walls are obtained.Effects of windbreak walls with different parameters on the restriction of wake interference are found out.The results show that with the increase of serial interference spacing,the interference effects are gradually weakened.Power increases as the serial interference spacing increases,and the interference effects reach its maximum when serial interference spacing is 3D(D is the diameter of the wind turbine).The larger the staggered spacing is,the weaker the interference effect is,the slower the wake recovery becomes.The power increases with the increase of staggered spacing.As the staggered spacing increases,interference effects gradually weaken,and the wind speed loss becomes less.The staggered layouts weaken the wake superposition effects and the wake expansion.The closer the distance between the windbreak wall and the wind turbin downstream,the more restriction on the wake of the upstream wind turbine and more improvement on the incoming wind speed of the downstream wind turbine.For windbreak wall at three heights,25 m is the best for restricting the wake interference effects,and 40 m windbreak wall makes worse is worse than that of 10 m.

关 键 词：风力机 尾流 风电场 尾流干扰特性 挡风墙布置 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]