V型沟槽结构对叶片气动噪声影响及机理研究  

RESEARCH ON EFFECT AND MECHANISM OF V-GROOVE STRUCTURE ON BLADE AERODYNAMIC NOISE

作　　者：王志 王紫荆 王赫鸣 何佳宁 孙瑞 Wang Zhi;Wang Zijing;Wang Heming;He Jianing;Sun Rui(College of Aero-Engine,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学航空发动机学院,沈阳110136

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2024年第11期496-505,共10页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅重点攻关类项目(JYT2020158)。

摘　　要：为降低风力机的噪声污染,开展叶片表面V型沟槽位置、尺寸、数量对声压级指向性和噪声频谱特性的影响研究。通过分析翼型表面流体流向和涡量分布情况,对V型沟槽结构的降噪机理进行研究。结果表明:在翼型吸力面布置V型沟槽可有效降低叶片的气动噪声,不同V型沟槽参数的影响不同,其中沟槽位于前缘且s(沟槽宽度)=h(沟槽深度)=0.10 mm,n(沟槽数量)=50时降噪效果最好,声压级降低了5.2~11.0 dB,且对高频声压级的影响明显;叶片表面的V型沟槽结构,可减少近壁面流体动能耗散、促进流体的原有流动、延迟边界层分离的发生,还可影响边界层分离处涡的发展与叶片尾迹的空气脉动压力,此外流场时均涡量的变化促进声压波动辐射对声源的衰减作用,由此达到降低风力机叶片气动噪声的目的。In order to reduce the noise pollution of wind turbine,the influence of the position,size and number of V-grooves on the sound pressure level directivity and noise spectrum characteristics was studied.By analyzing the flow direction and vorticity distribution on the airfoil surface,the noise reduction mechanism of V-groove structure is studied.The results show that the aerodynamic noise of the blade can be effectively reduced by arranging V-groove on the suction surface of the airfoil,and the influence of different V-groove parameters is different.When the groove is located at the leading edge and s=h=0.10 mm and n=50(s=Groove spacing,h=Groove height,n=Groove number),the noise reduction effect is the best,and the sound pressure level is reduced by 5.2-11.0 dB,and the influence on the high frequency sound pressure level is obvious;The V-groove structure on the blade surface can reduce the kinetic energy dissipation near the wall,promote the original flow of fluid,delay the occurrence of boundary layer separation,and also affect the development of vortex at the boundary layer separation and the air fluctuating pressure at the blade wake.In addition,the change of time-averaged vorticity in the flow field promotes the attenuation of sound source by sound pressure fluctuation radiation,thus achieving the purpose of reducing aerodynamic noise of wind turbine blades.

关 键 词：风力机叶片 气动声学 V型沟槽 大涡模拟 涡结构 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]