Gradient‑Layered MXene/Hollow Lignin Nanospheres Architecture Design for Flexible and Stretchable Supercapacitors  

作　　者：Haonan Zhang Cheng Hao Tongtong Fu Dian Yu Jane Howe Kaiwen Chen Ning Yan Hao Ren Huamin Zhai 

机构地区：[1]Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Sustainable Pulp and Paper Technology and Biomass Materials,NanJing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,People’s Republic of China [2]Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry,University of Toronto,200 College Street,Toronto,ON M5S 3E5,Canada [3]Department of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Toronto,184 College Street,Toronto,ON M5S 3E4,Canada [4]College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,People’s Republic of China

出　　处：《Nano-Micro Letters》2025年第2期447-462,共16页纳微快报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada(RGPIN-2017-06737);Canada Research Chairs program,the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0601005,2022YFD0904201);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51203075);the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.CSC202208320361).

摘　　要：With the rapid development of flexible wearable electronics,the demand for stretchable energy storage devices has surged.In this work,a novel gradient-layered architecture was design based on single-pore hollow lignin nanospheres(HLNPs)-intercalated two-dimensional transition metal carbide(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene)for fabricating highly stretchable and durable supercapacitors.By depositing and inserting HLNPs in the MXene layers with a bottom-up decreasing gradient,a multilayered porous MXene structure with smooth ion channels was constructed by reducing the overstacking of MXene lamella.Moreover,the micro-chamber architecture of thin-walled lignin nanospheres effectively extended the contact area between lignin and MXene to improve ion and electron accessibility,thus better utilizing the pseudocapacitive property of lignin.All these strategies effectively enhanced the capacitive performance of the electrodes.In addition,HLNPs,which acted as a protective phase for MXene layer,enhanced mechanical properties of the wrinkled stretchable electrodes by releasing stress through slip and deformation during the stretch-release cycling and greatly improved the structural integrity and capacitive stability of the electrodes.Flexible electrodes and symmetric flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors capable of enduring 600%uniaxial tensile strain were developed with high specific capacitances of 1273 mF cm^(−2)(241 F g^(−1))and 514 mF cm^(−2)(95 F g^(−1)),respectively.Moreover,their capacitances were well preserved after 1000 times of 600%stretch-release cycling.This study showcased new possibilities of incorporating biobased lignin nanospheres in energy storage devices to fabricate stretchable devices leveraging synergies among various two-dimensional nanomaterials.

关 键 词：Hollow lignin nanospheres MXene Gradient-layered architecture Wrinkled electrodes Stretchable supercapacitors 

分 类 号：O636.2[理学—高分子化学] TB383.1[理学—化学] TM53[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]