不同磷源对奶牛泌乳性能和血浆代谢物的影响  

Effects of Different Phosphorus Sources on Lactation Performance and Plasma Metabolites of Dairy Cows

作　　者：李天宇 孙同玉 屠焰[1] 张涛 刘松林 陆伟 杨宏 黄艳玲[2] 马涛[1] LI Tianyu;SUN Tongyu;TU Yan;ZHANG Tao;LIU Songlin;LU Wei;YANG Hong;HUANG Yanling;MA Tao(Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Feed Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Southwest University for Nationalities,Chengdu 610000,China;Wengfu(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550005,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业农村部生物技术重点实验室,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京100081 [2]西南民族大学畜牧兽医学院,成都610000 [3]瓮福(集团)有限责任公司,贵阳550005

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第11期7060-7067,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：饲料配方软件国产化(IFR-ZDRW202303);家畜产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC05);瓮福(集团)研发基金(WWF-001-2022-QT-00236)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究不同磷源对泌乳后期奶牛泌乳性能和血浆代谢物的影响。选择60头体重、胎次、采食量和泌乳天数相近的泌乳后期荷斯坦奶牛,采用单因素试验设计随机分为2组,每组30头。2组奶牛饲粮中的磷分别来源于磷酸氢钙(DCP)和采用高温烧结法制备的磷酸三钙(TCP),2种饲粮主要营养成分和钙、磷含量均一致。试验期65 d,包括预试期10 d和正试期55 d,期间每天记录试验牛的产奶量,并于试验第30和65天采集乳样并进行奶牛生产性能测定(DHI),第65天采集血液测定血浆中的代谢物。结果表明:1)2组奶牛产奶量和乳成分之间均无显著差异(P>0.05);2)2组奶牛血浆碱性磷酸酶活性以及降钙素、甲状旁腺素和钙含量之间均无显著差异(P>0.05),DCP组血浆磷含量显著高于TCP组(P<0.05);3)不同磷源条件下奶牛血浆中存在的差异代谢物有31种,其中TCP组血浆代谢物相对DCP组上调的有肌肽、甲基咪唑乙酸等,通过对差异代谢物的京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路进行分析发现,显著富集的通路只有组氨酸代谢(P<0.05)。综上可知,在本试验条件下,不同磷源对于奶牛泌乳性能无显著影响,TCP可能提高了奶牛对磷的利用率,且上调了血浆中与抗氧化和抗炎相关的代谢物,对奶牛健康有积极影响。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different phosphorus sources on lactation performance and plasma metabolites of dairy cows in late lactation period.Sixty Holstein cows with similar body weight,parity,feed intake and lactation days in late lactation period were randomly divided into 2 groups with 30 cows in each group by a single-factor experimental design.The phosphorus in the diets for dairy cows in the two groups was derived from dibasic calcium phosphate(DCP)and tertiary calcium phosphate(TCP)prepared by high-temperature sintering method,respectively.The main nutrients and the contents of calcium and phosphorus in the two diets were consistent.The experiment lasted for 65 days,including a pre-trial period of 10 days and a trial period of 55 days,during which milk yield was recorded every day.Milk samples were collected and dairy herd improvement(DHI)was performed on days 30 and 65,and blood was collected on day 65 to determine metabolites in plasma.The results showed as follows:1)there were no significant differences in milk yield and milk composition of dairy cows between the two groups(P>0.05);2)there were no significant differences in plasma alkaline phosphatase activity and contents of calcitonin,parathyroid hormone and calcium of dairy cows between the two groups(P>0.05),and the plasma phosphorus content in DCP group was significantly higher than that in TCP group(P<0.05);3)there were 31 different metabolites in plasma of dairy cows under different phosphorus sources,among which carnosine and methylimidazoleacetic acid were up-regulated in TCP group compared with DCP group.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway of the differential metabolites was found to be significantly enriched only in histidine metabolism(P<0.05).In conclusion,under the conditions of this experiment,different phosphorus sources have no significant effects on lactation performance of dairy cows.TCP may improve the utilization of phosphorus in dairy cows and up-regulate the metabolites relat

关 键 词：奶牛 磷酸氢钙 磷酸三钙 泌乳性能 钙磷代谢 血浆代谢物 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]