不同纤维源富集奶牛瘤胃纤维降解菌多样性分析  

Diversity Analysis of Rumen Fiber-Degrading Bacteria in Dairy Cows Enriched with Different Fiber Sources

作　　者：常帅飞 程雨辰 任文义 李海波[1] 何金童 康燕 孔晓丽 张力莉[1] 徐晓锋[1] CHANG Shuaifei;CHENG Yuchen;REN Wenyi;LI Haibo;HE Jintong;KANG Yan;KONG Xiaoli;ZHANG Lili;XU Xiaofeng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学动物科技学院,银川750021

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第11期7068-7080,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：宁夏反刍动物营养科技创新团队项目(2024CXTD008);宁夏自然科学基金(2023AAC03093);国家自然科学基金(32160769)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同纤维源富集奶牛瘤胃纤维降解菌多样性的变化。试验采用完全随机设计,分为4个组,分别为无碳源的对照组(CK组)、羧甲基纤维素钠组(CMC组)、微晶纤维素组(MCC组)和Whatman No.1滤纸组(WN组),每组6个重复。开展体外瘤胃发酵试验,研究不同纤维源对发酵参数以及菌群结构的影响。结果表明:1)MCC组和WN组pH均显著低于CK组和CMC组(P<0.05)。各试验组乙酸、丁酸、戊酸浓度和乙丙比均显著高于CK组(P<0.05);CMC组异丁酸浓度显著高于CK组(P<0.05);MCC组丙酸、异丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度均显著高于CK组(P<0.05),异戊酸浓度显著低于CK组(P<0.05);WN组丙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著高于CK组(P<0.05),异戊酸浓度显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。2)在α多样性分析中,MCC组和WN组Chao1指数、Sobs指数、Simpson指数、Shannon指数、Pielou_e指数和PD指数均显著低于CK组和CMC组(P<0.05)。在门水平上,各试验组厚壁菌门相对丰度均显著高于CK组(P<0.05),拟杆菌门和互养菌门相对丰度均显著低于CK组(P<0.05);MCC组纤维杆菌门相对丰度显著高于CK组和其他试验组(P<0.05)。在属水平上,各试验组拟杆菌属、Pyramidobacter和颤螺菌属相对丰度显著低于CK组(P<0.05);CMC组梭菌属相对丰度显著高于CK组(P<0.05),普雷沃氏菌属和琥珀酸单胞菌属相对丰度显著低于CK组(P<0.05);MCC组毛螺菌属、梭菌属、瘤胃球菌属、普雷沃氏菌属和纤维杆菌属相对丰度显著高于CK组(P<0.05),琥珀酸单胞菌属和丁酸弧菌属相对丰度显著低于CK组(P<0.05);WN组毛螺菌属和瘤胃球菌属相对丰度显著高于CK组(P<0.05),而丁酸弧菌属相对丰度显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。3)拟杆菌属相对丰度与乙酸和戊酸浓度呈显著负相关(P<0.05);毛螺菌属和瘤胃球菌属相对丰度与乙酸、丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与异戊酸浓度和pH呈显著负相关(P<0.05);梭菌属相对�The aim of this experiment was to investigate the changes in the diversity of rumen fiber-degrading bacteria in dairy cows enriched with different fiber sources.The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design and divided into four groups,namely,control group without carbon source(CK group),sodium carboxymethylcellulose group(CMC group),microcrystalline cellulose group(MCC group)and Whatman No.1 filter paper group(WN group),with six replicates in each group.In vitro rumen fermentation tests were carried out to study the effects of different fiber sources on fermentation parameters and microflora structure.The results showed as follows:1)the pH in both MCC and WN groups was significantly lower than that in CK and CMC groups(P<0.05).The concentrations of acetic acid,butyric acid and valeric acid as well as the acetic acid to propanoic acid ratio in all experimental groups were significantly higher than those in CK group(P<0.05);the isobutyric acid concentration in CMC group was significantly higher than that in CK group(P<0.05);the concentrations of propionic acid,isobutyric acid and total volatile fatty acids in MCC group were significantly higher than those in CK group(P<0.05),and the isovaleric acid concentration was significantly lower than that in CK group(P<0.05);the concentrations of propionic acid and total volatile fatty acids in WN group were significantly higher than those in CK group(P<0.05),and the isovaleric acid concentration was significantly lower than that in CK group(P<0.05).2)Inαdiversity analysis,the indices of Chao1,Sobs,Simpson,Shannon,Pielou_e and PD in MCC and WN group were significantly lower than those in CK and CMC groups(P<0.05).At the phylum level,the Firmicutes relative abundance in all experimental groups was significantly higher than that in CK group(P<0.05),and the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Synergistetes were significantly lower than those in CK group(P<0.05);the Fibrobacteres relative abundance in MCC group was significantly higher than that in the ot

关 键 词：纤维素 瘤胃 纤维降解菌 瘤胃球菌属 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]