安格斯牛与湘中黑牛生长性能、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和肉品质比较研究  

Comparative Study on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Meat Quality Between Angus Cattle and Xiangzhong Black Cattle

作　　者：武伟成 陈东[1] 钟港 周文君 张佰忠[2] 易康乐[2] 祝贺 彭繁昌 李付强 谢永中 WU Weicheng;CHEN Dong;ZHONG Gang;ZHOU Wenjun;ZHANG Baizhong;YI Kangle;ZHU He;PENG Fanchang;LI Fuqiang;XIE Yongzhong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science,Changsha 410128,China;Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University,Ji’nan 250000,China;Hunan Tianhua Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Loudi 417000,China;Lianyuan Livestock and Aquatic Affairs Center,Lianyuan 417100,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南省畜牧兽医研究所,长沙410128 [3]山东农业工程学院,济南250000 [4]湖南天华实业有限公司,娄底417000 [5]涟源市畜牧水产事务中心,涟源417100

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第11期7134-7144,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2023TZXD046);2021年湖湘英才(2021RC3139);湖南省草食动物产业技术体系;国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-37);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2023NK2023);山东省中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(YDZX2022122);湖南省中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(2023ZYC017,2021QZY037);湖南省草食动物产业技术体系资助。

摘　　要：本试验旨在比较安格斯牛、安本杂F1代(安格斯牛♂×湘西黄牛♀)和湘中黑牛(安格斯牛♂×安本杂F1代牛♀)之间生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清生化指标、瘤胃发酵参数和肉品质的不同。选取22月龄左右、胎次相近、饲养管理水平一致的健康安格斯牛[(458.97±34.43) kg]、安本杂F1代牛[(426.21±27.75) kg]和湘中黑牛[(420.58±29.62) kg]各10头作为试验动物,分为3组,饲喂相同的饲粮。预试期10 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)安格斯牛和湘中黑牛平均日增重(ADG)、干物质采食量(DMI)以及干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)和总能(GE)表观消化率显著高于安本杂F1代牛(P<0.05),料重比(F/G)显著低于安本杂F1代牛(P<0.05)。2)安格斯牛血清谷草转氨酶(AST)活性和肌酐(CRE)含量显著高于安本杂F1代牛和湘中黑牛(P<0.05)。3)安本杂F1代牛和湘中黑牛瘤胃pH显著高于安格斯牛(P<0.05),安格斯牛瘤胃氨态氮(NH3-N)、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸和总挥发性脂肪酸含量显著高于安本杂F1代牛和湘中黑牛(P<0.05)。4)各组肉品质指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,安格斯牛的生长性能优于安本杂F1代牛和湘中黑牛,随着安格斯牛血统在湘西黄牛中比例的提高,湘中黑牛的生长性能和养分表观消化率优于安本杂F1代牛,而安本杂F1代牛和湘中黑牛更能抵抗后期育肥中高精料引起的肾脏损伤,本研究结果为湘中黑牛的品种选育提供了数据支撑。The aim of this experiment was to compare the differences in growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,serum biochemical indices,rumen fermentation parameters and meat quality of Angus cattle,hybrid F1 generation cattle(Angus cattle♂×Xiangxi yellow cattle ♀)and Xiangzhong black cattle(Angus cattle♂×hybrid F1 generation cattle ♀).Each ten healthy Angus cattle[(458.97±34.43)kg],hybrid F1 generation cattle[(426.21±27.75)kg]and Xiangzhong black cattle[(420.58±29.62)kg]of about 22 months of age with similar parity and consistent feeding and management level were selected as experimental animals and divided into 3 groups,and they were fed the same diet.The pre-trial period lasted for 10 days,and the experimental period lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows:1)the average daily gain(ADG),dry matter intake(DMI)and apparent digestibilities of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),ether extract(EE)and gross energy(GE)of Angus cattle and Xiangzhong black cattle were significantly higher than those of hybrid F1 generation cattle(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)was significantly lower than that of hybrid F1 generation cattle(P<0.05).2)The aspartate aminotransferase(AST)activity and creatinine(CRE)content in serum of Angus cattle were significantly higher than those of hybrid F1 generation cattle and Xiangzhong black cattle(P<0.05).3)The rumen pH of hybrid F1 generation cattle and Xiangzhong black cattle was significantly higher than that of Angus cattle(P<0.05),and the rumen contents of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N),acetate,propionate,butyrate,valerate and total volatile fatty acid of Angus cattle were significantly higher than those of hybrid F1 generation cattle and Xiangzhong black cattle(P<0.05).4)There were no significant differences in meat quality indices among all groups(P>0.05).In summary,the growth performance of Angus cattle is better than that of hybrid F1 generation cattle and Xiangzhong black cattle.With the increase of the proportion of Angus cattle lineage in Xiangxi yellow ca

关 键 词：安格斯牛 湘中黑牛 生长性能 瘤胃发酵参数 肉品质 比较 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]