刺梨渣对鲤鱼生长性能、肠道菌群结构及抗病力的影响  

Effects of Rosa roxburghii Tratt Residue on Growth Performance,Intestinal Microflora Structure and Disease Resistance of Common Carp(Cyprinus carpio)

作　　者：冯轶 张晨旭 杨芸芸 罗永荣 吴鹏 王艳[1] 杨颖[1] 陈江凤[1] 姜海波[1] 文明[1,4] FENG Yi;ZHANG Chenxu;YANG Yunyun;LUO Yongrong;WU Peng;WANG Yan;YANG Ying;CHEN Jiangfeng;JIANG Haibo;WEN Ming(College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Department of Animal Husbandry and Aquaculture,Guizhou Agricultural Vocational College,Guiyang 551400,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry,Aquaculture and Veterinary Medicine,Anshun Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anshun 561000,China;Guizhou Engineering and Technology Research Center of Animal Biological Products,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州农业职业学院畜牧水产系,贵阳551400 [3]安顺市农业科学院畜牧水产兽医研究所,安顺561000 [4]贵州省动物生物制品工程技术研究中心,贵阳550025

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第11期7227-7235,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]一般142号)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究饲料中添加刺梨渣对鲤鱼生长性能、肠道菌群结构及抗病力的影响。选取180尾健康无病、初始体重为(25±1)g的鲤鱼,随机分为2组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。对照组饲喂基础饲料,刺梨渣组饲喂基础饲料+0.4%的刺梨渣。试验期60 d。另外选取60尾健康无病、初始体重为(25±1)g的鲤鱼,随机分为6组,每组10尾。对照组注射无菌磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS),试验组分别注射不同浓度(1×10^(6)、1×10^(7)、1×10^(8)、1×10^(9)、1×10^(10)CFU/mL)的嗜水气单胞菌ATCC 7966,注射量为每尾0.2 mL。试验期14 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,刺梨渣组鲤鱼的末体重、增重率和特定生长率显著提高(P<0.05)。2)在门水平上,对照组和刺梨渣组的肠道主要优势菌群为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、放线杆菌门(Actinobacteriota)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota);与对照组相比,刺梨渣组的厚壁菌门相对丰度明显降低,变形菌门相对丰度明显增加。在属水平上,对照组和刺梨渣组的肠道主要优势菌群为陶厄氏菌属(Thauera)、粪杆菌属(Faecalibacterium)、韦荣氏球菌属(Veillonellaceae)、经黏液真杆菌属(Blautia)、链球菌(Streptococcus);与对照组相比,刺梨渣组的优势菌群相对丰度都有一定的降低,但慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)相对丰度明显增加。3)嗜水气单胞菌ATCC 7966对鲤鱼的半数致死量(LD_(50))为1.35×10^(8)CFU/mL。与对照组相比,刺梨渣组的平均存活率明显提高,表明饲料添加刺梨渣能有效增强鲤鱼对嗜水气单胞菌ATCC 7966的抵抗力。由此可见,饲料中添加刺梨渣能提高鲤鱼的生长性能,提高肠道菌群多样性和丰富度,促进有益菌增殖,并可能通过调节肠道菌群结构来增强鲤鱼抗病力。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Rosa roxburghii Tratt residue on growth performance,intestinal microflora structure and disease resistance of common carp(Cyprinus carpio).A total of 180 healthy common carp with initial body weight of(25±1)g were randomly divided into 2 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,and the Rosa roxburghii Tratt residue group was fed the basal diet+0.4% Rosa roxburghii Tratt residue.The experimental period was 60 days.Additionally,sixty healthy common carp with initial body weight of(25±1)g were randomly divided into 2 groups with 10 fish per group.The control group injected with sterile phosphate buffered saline(PBS),and the experimental groups were injected with different concentrations(1×10^(6),1×10^(7),1×10^(8),1×10^(9) and 1×10^(10) CFU/mL)Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 7966,respectively,the injection volume was 0.2 mL per fish.The experimental period was 14 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the final body weight,weight gain rate and specific growth rate of Rosa roxburghii Tratt residue group were significantly increased(P<0.05).2)At the phylum level,the intestinal main dominant microflora of control group and Rosa roxburghii Tratt residue group were Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidota,Actinobacteriota and Acidobacteriota;compared with the control group,the Firmicutes relative abundance of Rosa roxburghii Tratt residue group was decreased,and the Proteobacteria relative abundance was increased.At the genus level,the intestinal main dominant microflora of control group and Rosa roxburghii Tratt residue group were Thauera,Faecalibacterium,Veillonellaceae,Blautia,Streptococcus and Streptococcus;compared with the control group,the dominant microflora relative abundances of Rosa roxburghii Tratt residue group were all decreased,but the Bradyrhizobium relative abundance was increased.3)The lethal dose 50%(LD 50)of Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 7966 for common carp was 1.35

关 键 词：刺梨渣 生长性能 肠道菌群 抗病力 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]