中国近海风光同场用海方式下海上光伏发电的开发潜力分析  

ANALYSIS OF EXPLOITATION POTENTIAL OF OFFSHORE PV POWER GENERATION UNDER MODE OF WIND-PV CONSTRUCTION ON THE SAME SITE IN CHINA'S COASTAL AREAS

作　　者：李蒲健[1] 陈彬 惠星 田伟辉[1] Li Pujian;Chen Bin;Hui Xing;Tian Weihui(PowerChina Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,西安710065

出　　处：《太阳能》2024年第11期5-15,共11页Solar Energy

摘　　要：2024年4月,国家主管部门下发首个国家级海上光伏发电用海政策,明确了支持核电温排水区、盐田盐池、围海养殖区、海上风光同场4类光伏发电用海方式。基于近海风光同场这一用海方式,首先分析了海上光伏发电的成本与经济性,然后在对近海风能和太阳能资源的互补性进行分析的基础上,对在近海已建风电场同场开发桩基固定式海上光伏发电项目的可行性和开发潜力进行了探讨,并给出了相关建议。研究结果表明:1)近海海上光伏发电因具有紧邻电力负荷中心、建设周期短、经济性好等优势,发展潜力巨大。2)中国近海的风能和太阳能资源丰富,从年数据和日数据来看,二者均具有较好的互补性,特别是风电可以在电力系统晚高峰时段发挥重要的支撑作用。3)在风光同场的实际工程开发建设时,应综合考虑风电机组塔筒阴影遮挡和风电机组倒塔距离的双重影响。4)经过估算,以江苏省、山东省海域为例,与已建海上风电场同场建设海上光伏发电项目时,可用于海上光伏发电建设的面积约占该海上风电场外缘边线包络海域面积的45%~48%;浙江省以北海域近海,与已建海上风电场同场的桩基固定式海上光伏发电的潜在可开发总装机容量约为11520万kW,开发潜力巨大。开展风光同场研究有利于海洋空间多维度利用,拓展海上新能源开发建设的新路径,并可有效解决中国中东部地区光伏用地稀缺的问题。In April 2024,the national regulatory authorities issued the first national level policy for offshore PV power generation using the sea,clarifying the support for four types of PV power generation using sea methods:nuclear power thermal drainage zones,salt fields and salt ponds,mariculture zones,offshore wind PV construction on the same site.Based on the mode of wind-PV construction on the same site,the cost and economy of offshore PV power generation are first analyzed.Then,based on the analysis of the complementarity of wind energy and solar energy resources in the offshore area,the feasibility and development potential of developing pile-based fixed offshore PV power generation projects in the same field as existing offshore wind farms are discussed,and relevant suggestions are given.The research results show that:1)Offshore PV power generation has enormous development potential due to its proximity to power load centers,short construction period,and good economic viability.2)China's offshore wind energy and solar energy resources are abundant.From annual and daily data,both have good complementarity,especially wind power can play an important supporting role in the evening peak period of the power system.3)In the actual engineering development and construction of wind-PV construction on the same site,the dual effects of wind turbine tower shadow occlusion and wind turbine tower overturning distance should be comprehensively considered.4)After estimation,taking the sea areas of Jiangsu Province and Shandong Province as examples,when constructing offshore PV power generation projects on the same site as existing offshore wind farms,the area available for offshore PV power generation construction accounts for about 45%~48%of the surrounding sea area of the outer edge of the offshore wind farm.The potential exploitable total installed capacity of pile-based fixed offshore PV power generation in the waters north of Zhejiang Province,which is located on the same site as the existing offshore wind farm,is approximat

关 键 词：海上光伏发电 风光同场 海上风电场 桩基固定式 开发潜力 系统设计 成本与经济性 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]