捕食线虫性真菌圆锥节丛孢的分离鉴定及其捕食线虫活性的研究  

Isolation,Identification and Predatory Nematode Activity of the Nematophagous Fungus Arthrobotrys conoides

作　　者：孙殿明 李柠杏 张嘉华 孙焱森 李若冰 孟庆玲[1] 乔军[1] 才学鹏[2] SUN Dianming;LI Ningxing;ZHANG Jiahua;SUN Yansen;LI Ruobing;MENG Qingling;QIAO Jun;CAI Xuepeng(Department of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003;China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]中国兽医药品监察所,北京100081

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2024年第12期58-63,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32060801,32260888);新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目(XJGRI2015038)。

摘　　要：为研发高效广谱的捕食线虫性真菌生物防控制剂,采集新疆石河子牧区和林区的土壤样品,进行捕食线虫性真菌的分离鉴定,将纯化后的菌株进行18s rRNA、ITS基因序列扩增及系统进化分析,并测定其捕食线虫活性。结果显示,分离的真菌(命名为AC-shz1)菌落为白色,菌丝无色;分生孢子梗无色直立、具有多个分隔,分生孢子呈球状着生于分生孢子梗顶端;分生孢子呈倒圆锥型,具有一个分隔,分隔处缢裂,与圆锥节丛孢(Arthrobotrys conoides)形态特征完全相符。系统进化分析显示,AC-shz1分离株与圆锥节丛孢同源性最高(100%),与OQ398107.1聚为一个分支。捕食线虫能力测定显示,AC-shz1菌株对秀丽隐杆线虫LⅢ幼虫的捕食效率活性可达96.7%,捕食器为黏性网;产孢数量在玉米粒培养基上最多,其产孢浓度为8.33×10^(10)个·mL^(-1)。表明分离到的圆锥节丛孢具有较强的产孢与捕食线虫活性,为高效生物防控制剂的研发奠定了前期研究基础。To develop an efficient and broad-spectrum predatory nematode-trapping fungus biocontrol agent,soil samples from pastoral and forest areas in Shihezi area of Xinjiang were collected for the isolation and identification of predatory fungi.The purified strain was subjected to 18s rRNA and ITS gene sequence amplification and phylogenetic analysis,and its predatory nematode activity was determined.Results show the isolated fungal colonies(designated as AC-shz1)exhibited white colonies and colorless hyphae.Its conidia were colorless,erect and septate,with spherical conidia borne at the apex of the conidiophores.The conidia were inverted conical in shape,with a septum and lobes at the septum,which is perfectly consistent with the morphological characteristics of Arthrobotrys conoides.Phylogenetic analysis revealed that AC-shz1 isolate had the highest homology(100%)with Conus conifensis and clustered into a clade with OQ398107.1.Assessment of predatory nematode ability showed that the AC-shz1 strain exhibited a predation efficiency of 96.7%against third-stage larvae of Caenorhabditis elegans,using a sticky net as the trapping device.The highest sporulation was observed on corn kernel medium,with a sporulation concentration of 8.33×10^(10)·mL^(-1).These results indicate that the isolated Conespora conifolia strain possesses strong sporulation and nematode-predation activity,laying the foundation for the preliminary research of an efficient biocontrol agent.

关 键 词：捕食线虫性真菌 分离鉴定 圆锥节丛孢 形态学特征 秀丽隐杆线虫 

分 类 号：S855.9[农业科学—临床兽医学]