光热性能目标下夏热冬冷地区中小学典型教室空间形态优化设计研究  

Optimal Design of Typical Classroom Space Form for Primary and Secondary Schools in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Regions under the Objective of Light and Heat Performance

作　　者：徐燊[1,2] 陈永忠 王思尧 李高梅 XU Shen;CHEN Yongzhong;WANG Siyao;LI Gaomei(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Urbanization,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院,武汉430074 [2]湖北省城镇化工程技术研究中心,武汉430074

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2024年第11期24-33,共10页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目:设计多要素协同作用下城市街区建筑能耗和光伏产能潜力研究及设计策略(52378020)。

摘　　要：随着全球能源短缺和气候变化问题的凸显,教育建筑作为社会文明进步与现代化创新的重要载体,其低碳、节能与健康的环境质量提升尤为重要。选取夏热冬冷地区中小学典型教室空间单元,以能耗、光舒适、热舒适为性能目标,基于参数化平台优化光热目标下典型教室空间的最优空间形态,分析不同类型下典型教室空间形态对光热环境的影响机理。提出了一种基于建筑多种性能目标下的多目标优化及参数分析方法框架,通过多目标优化得出建筑能耗、室内光热舒适性能的最大优化率及综合性优化方案,其中最大能耗优化率可达28.01%,最大热舒适优化率可达5.54%,最大光舒适优化率可达44.62%,并通过统计学分析得出教室空间形态参数对建筑光热能耗性能的影响特征及影响程度,为设计师提供方案参考及特征参数优化思路。With the global energy shortage and climate change issues coming to the fore,it is especially important for educational buildings,as an important carrier of social civilization progress and modernization innovation,to enhance their low carbon,energy saving and healthy environmental quality.The typical classroom space of primary and secondary school in hot summer and cold winter regions is selected,and the optimal spatial forms of typical classroom spaces under the light and heat objectives are optimized based on a parametric platform with energy consumption,share of light comfort time and thermal comfort time as performance objectives,and the influence mechanism of typical classroom space forms on light and heat environments under different types is analyzed.The study proposes a framework of multi-objective optimization and parametric analysis method based on multiple performance objectives of buildings,and the maximum optimization rate of building energy consumption and indoor light and thermal comfort performance and comprehensive optimization scheme are obtained through multi-objective optimization,in which the maximum energy consumption optimization rate can reach 28.01%,the maximum thermal comfort optimization rate can reach 5.54%and the maximum light comfort optimization rate can reach 44.62%,and the influence characteristics and degree of influence of classroom spatial morphology parameters on building light and thermal energy performance are obtained through statistical analysis,which are also used to obtain the characteristics and degree of influence of classroom spatial parameters on the light and heat energy performance of the building,so as to provide designers with program references and ideas for optimization of characteristic parameters.

关 键 词：中小学教室 空间形态 光热目标 优化设计 影响特征 

分 类 号：TU244.2[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]