聚合态羟基铝的植物毒性研究  

Phytotoxicity study of polyhydroxy aluminum

作　　者：孙鹏 徐元强 余钰泽 周浩 胡爱彬 赵海军 张伟军 SUN Peng;XU Yuanqiang;YU Yuze;ZHOU Hao;HU Aibing;ZHAO Haijun;ZHANG Weijun(Ningxia Environmental Protection Group Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750011,China;School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geoscience(s Wuhan),Wuhan 430078,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Water Science in the Yangtze River Basin,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Northeast Electric Power University,Jilin 132012,China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏环保集团有限责任公司,宁夏银川750011 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430078 [3]长江流域环境水科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [4]东北电力大学建筑工程学院,吉林吉林132012 [5]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2024年第6期251-258,共8页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区银川市科技创新重点项目(2022ZDGX08)。

摘　　要：聚合态羟基铝Al_(13)和Al_(30)是聚合氯化铝(PAC)在水处理过程中的优势形态,水处理后溶液中的残余铝会通过土地利用进入到土壤中。已有研究报道活性铝是酸性土壤中限制农作物生长的主要因素之一,但目前对于不同聚合形态羟基铝对植物的影响及其致毒机制仍缺乏具体和深入的研究。以小白菜种子发芽指数作为衡量3种不同形态铝(Al^(^(3+))、Al_(13)和Al_(30))对植物毒性的指标,开展了聚合态羟基铝的植物毒性效应试验,并通过小白菜发芽过程中根尖细胞核染色(PI)分布、根内活性氧(ROS)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)含量等生化指标测定,开展了小白菜根对聚合态羟基铝生理性质的响应试验。结果表明:在浓度为100 mg/L的条件下,3种形态铝对小白菜根系生长均有显著的抑制作用,其中聚合态羟基铝Al_(13)和Al_(30)的毒性弱于单核Al^(^(3+)),但3种形态铝对小白菜的发芽率则无显著影响;铝毒性促进了小白菜根细胞内ROS的积累,引起SOD活性增高,根细胞内过氧化造成了细胞膜脂质过氧化及细胞质膜损伤,导致细胞内MDA含量增加。本研究可为更好地控制土壤铝毒害问题提供基础参考信息。Polyhydroxy aluminum Al_(13) and Al_(30) are the dominant forms of polyaluminum chloride(PAC)in water treatment process.The residual aluminum after water treatment will enter the soil through land use.Some studies have reported that aluminum is one of the factors which is limited to the crop development in acidic soil,but there is still a lack of in-depth studies on the effects and mechanisms of different polymerized forms of hydroxy aluminum on plants.The seed germination index of Chinese cabbage was used to evaluate the toxicity of three different forms of aluminum Al3+,Al_(13) and Al_(30) to plants,and the plant toxicity effects of polymerized hydroxyl aluminum were tested.The responses of apical nuclear staining(PI)distribution,content of reactive oxygen species(ROS),activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and content of malondialdehyde(MDA)to the physiological properties of polyhydroxy-aluminum were tested.The results of plant toxicity study show that under the condition of a concentration of 100 mg/L,the three forms of aluminum have significant inhibitory effects on the root growth of Chinese cabbage,and the toxicity of polymerized aluminum Al_(13) and Al_(30) is weaker than that of mononuclear Al3+.The three aluminum forms have no significant effect on the germination rate of Chinese cabbage.Moreover,the physiological response of plants to polymerized hydroxyl aluminum showes that aluminum toxicity promotes the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and increases SOD activity.Intracellular peroxidation of root cells results in lipid oxidation of membrane and damage of plasma membrane,which results in the increase of intracellular MDA content.This paper can provide basic information for the better control of aluminium toxicity in soil.

关 键 词：聚合氯化铝 聚合态羟基铝 铝形态 植物毒性 毒性机制 土壤铝毒害 

分 类 号：X503[环境科学与工程—环境工程]