BBNJ协定划区管理工具适用区域条款解释研究  

The Regional Provisions Apply to the BBNJ AgreementZoning Management Tool Interpretive Research

作　　者：王赛赛 WANG Saisai(School of International Law,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学国际法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《南海学刊》2024年第6期14-27,共14页The Journal of South China Sea Studies

基　　金：教育部重大攻关课题(22JZD015);国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(22FFXB060)。

摘　　要：BBNJ协定划区管理工具适用区域条款的表述是谈判各方故意模糊的一种结果。模糊化的适用区域条款在现行国际法规定的条约解释方法之下无法得出是否适用于基于岛屿(礁)主权或属性争端的争议海域的唯一结论,但仍可以依据条约的解释方法得出一个折中而又最合理的解释:适用区域条款是对各争议方对争议海域问题担忧的回应,同时促使争议各方自行以协商等和平方式决定划区管理工具是否适用于争议海域,并在适用情形下设立了禁止国家越权行为的规则。我国应当在争议海域以“和策略”践行“海洋命运共同体”理念,在批准BBNJ协定时作出声明,并以嵌入“南海行为准则”及协商等方式解决划区管理工具在争议海域的适用问题以维护我国正当的海洋权益。The wording of the applicable regional provisions of the BBNJ Agreement on the zoning management tool is a result of the deliberate ambiguity of the negotiating parties.Under the current international law of the method of treaty interpretation,the vague application of the regional clause cannot reach a single conclusion as to whether it applies to disputed sea areas based on disputes over the sovereignty or attributes of islands(reefs).However,a compromise and most reasonable interpretation can be drawn based on the treaty’s interpretation method:the application of the regional clause is a response to the concerns of the disputing parties about the disputed maritime area,and at the same time encourages the disputing parties to decide whether the zoning management tool is applicable to the disputed maritime area through peaceful means such as consultation,and establishes rules prohibiting the ultra vires of the state in the applicable cases.China should practice the concept of a“community with a shared future for the oceans”in the disputed sea areas with a“peace strategy”,make a statement upon ratification,and resolve the issue of the application of zone-demarcation management tools in the disputed sea areas by embedding the Code of Conduct in the South China Sea and through consultation,so as to safeguard China’s legitimate maritime rights and interests.

关 键 词：BBNJ协定 划区管理工具 适用区域条款 条约解释 争议海域 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学] D993.8[政治法律—法学]