不同叶果比对金奉猕猴桃果实产量与品质的影响  

Effects of different leaf fruit ratios on fruit yield and quality of‘Jinfeng’kiwifruit

作　　者：黄丽红 钟文奇 伍梦婷 刘世明 陈双双 贾东峰 黄春辉[1,2] 陶俊杰[1,2] HUANG Lihong;ZHONG Wenqi;WU Mengting;LIU Shiming;CHEN Shuangshuang;JIA Dongfeng;HUANG Chunhui;TAO Junjie(College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045;Kiwifruit Research Institute,Jiangxi Agricultural University)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学猕猴桃研究所

出　　处：《中国果树》2024年第11期80-84,共5页China Fruits

基　　金：江西省科技厅重点研发计划(20232BBF60006);江西省猕猴桃产业技术体系建设专项(JXARS-05)。

摘　　要：为了更好地协调金奉猕猴桃营养生长和生殖生长的关系,缓解梢果矛盾,以8年生金奉猕猴桃为试验材料,于盛花后45 d进行3种叶果比(2∶1、3∶1、4∶1)处理,通过检测分析单株产量和果实品质指标来探究不同叶果比处理对金奉猕猴桃果实产量和品质的影响,以期明确金奉猕猴桃的最佳叶果比。结果表明:金奉猕猴桃的单株产量随叶果比增加而降低,叶果比2∶1和3∶1处理的单株产量均显著高于叶果比4∶1处理,叶果比2∶1和3∶1处理的单株产量无显著差异,但叶果比3∶1处理的大果率最高、小果率最低;不同叶果比对金奉猕猴桃的单果重和果形无显著影响;叶果比3∶1处理的果实维生素C含量显著高于叶果比2∶1处理,且叶果比3∶1处理的果实可溶性糖含量、糖酸比和干物质含量表现最佳;果实中的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量随叶果比增加而降低,但不同叶果比对果实类胡萝卜素含量与叶绿素含量的比值无显著影响。综合考虑,金奉猕猴桃的最佳叶果比为3∶1,建议生产上通过前期疏花和疏果的方式将叶果比调整为3∶1,同时进行合理的水肥管理和树势控制,可实现优质丰产的目标。In order to better coordinate the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth of‘Jinfeng’kiwifruit and alleviate the contradiction between spine-fruit,the experiment took‘Jinfeng’kiwifruit at 8 years old as the experimental material,and treated it with 3 kinds of leaf fruit ratios(2∶1,3∶1,4∶1)on 45 days after flowering.The effects of different leaf fruit ratio treatments on fruit yield and quality of‘Jinfeng’kiwifruit were studied by testing and analyzing the yield and fruit quality of single plant,in order to determine the best leaf fruit ratio of‘Jinfeng’kiwifruit.The results showed that the fruit yield per plant of‘Jinfeng’kiwifruit decreased with the increase of leaf fruit ratio,and the fruit yield per plant of 2∶1 and 3∶1 was significantly higher than that of 4∶1.There was no significant difference between 2∶1 leaf fruit ratio and 3∶1 leaf fruit ratio,but the ratio of large fruit was the highest and the ratio of small fruit was the lowest.The fruit weight and shape of‘Jinfeng’kiwifruit were not affected by different leaf ratio.The fruit vitamin C content of 3∶1 leaf fruit ratio was significantly higher than that of 2∶1 leaf fruit ratio,and the fruit soluble sugar content,sugar-acid ratio and dry matter content of 3∶1 leaf fruit ratio were the best.The content of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoid in fruits decreased with the increase of the ratio of leaf to fruit,but the ratio of carotenoid to chlorophyll in fruits with different leaf fruit ratio had no significant effect.Overall consideration,the best leaf fruit ratio of‘Jinfeng’kiwifruit is 3∶1.It is suggested to adjust the leaf fruit ratio to 3∶1 by thinning flowers and fruits in the early stage of production,and carry out reasonable water and fertilizer management and tree potential control,so as to achieve the goal of high quality and high yield.

关 键 词：猕猴桃 金奉 叶果比 产量 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]