针刺工况下锂电池未触发热失控的失效分析  

Failure Analysis of Lithium Battery without Triggering Thermal Runaway under Acupuncture Condition

作　　者：赵颖 郝纪波 杨杰 罗锦艳 王扬卫[2] 王月强 ZHAO Ying;HAO Jibo;YANG Jie;LUO Jinyan;WANG Yangwei;WANG Yueqiang(College of Engineering and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials under Shock and Impact,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Chongqing Changan Automobile Co.Ltd.,Chongqing 400021,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学工程技术学院,重庆400715 [2]北京理工大学冲击环境材料技术国家级重点实验室,北京100081 [3]重庆长安汽车股份有限公司,重庆400021

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第12期1-13,共13页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52202451);冲击环境材料技术国家级重点实验室基金项目(WDZC2024-7);青年人才托举工程项目(2021QNRC001)。

摘　　要：为明确针刺工况下锂电池未触发热失控的失效机理,开展了电池单体及电池模组的针刺试验及有限元仿真研究.首先,基于锂电池生热及传热理论明确了锂电池产生热失控的条件.其次,开展了锂电池单体在不同针刺速度(5 mm/s、25 mm/s)及不同针刺深度(10 mm、13 mm)下的针刺试验.试验结果表明:针刺速度对电池单体的失效模式影响较小,同时未刺穿的电池单体相较于其完全刺穿下拥有更剧烈的压降和更高的温度.基于此开展了电池模组针刺试验,获得了电池模组电压失效形式及温度传播规律.最后,为验证上述针刺试验结果的准确性,针对13 mm完全刺穿深度工况,分别对电池单体及电池模组开展了有限元仿真分析.结果表明:仿真工况下电池单体及电池模组的电压及温度变化趋势与试验条件下的变化趋势具有良好的一致性.To clarify failure mechanism of lithium battery without triggering thermal runaway under acupuncture condition,acupuncture tests and finite element analyses on battery cell and battery module were carried out.Firstly,conditions for thermal runaway of lithium battery were elucidated based on theory of heat generation and heat transfer.Secondly,acupuncture tests on lithium battery cell were investigated under different puncture speeds(5 mm/s,25 mm/s)and various puncture depths(10 mm,13 mm).The results indicated that puncture speeds had little effect on failure mode of battery cell.Meanwhile,compared to the fully penetrated battery cell,unpenetrated battery cell possessed a sharper drop of voltage and higher temperature.Based on this,acupuncture test of battery module was carried out,and failure mode of voltage and propagation regularity of temperature were obtained.Finally,to verify the accuracy of above acupuncture test results,finite element analyses were carried out on battery cell and battery module under working condition of 13 mm complete puncture.The results indicated that voltage and temperature trends of battery cell and battery module under simulation condition were in good agreement with those under test condition.

关 键 词：锂电池 针刺工况 热失控 失效分析 有限元仿真 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]