三峡库区常见入侵植物种子水淹耐受性研究  

Submergence Tolerance of Common Invasive Plant Seeds in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作　　者：卢佳欣 张文馨 贾珩艺 黄欣瑞 曾波 阿依巧丽 LU Jiaxin;ZHANG Wenxin;JIA Hengyi;HUANG Xinrui;ZENG Bo;AYI Qiaoli(School of Life Sciences,Southwest University/Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region,Ministry of Education/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学生命科学学院/三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室/重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第12期100-108,共9页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U22A20448,31770465);重庆市科技项目(cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0316)。

摘　　要：为了探讨三峡库区入侵植物能否适应水位涨落的消落带环境,随机选择3种库区常见入侵植物紫苜蓿、刺苋和反枝苋,检测其种子对不同水淹强度的耐受能力.将紫苜蓿、刺苋、反枝苋的种子进行不同时间梯度(0,5,10,15,20,25,30 d)的水淹,对其萌发情况进行统计.结果显示:紫苜蓿种子经水淹处理后发芽率和发芽势下降,水淹超过20 d种子死亡;刺苋种子经5 d内水淹处理其发芽率和发芽势提高,超过5 d发芽率降低;反枝苋种子经20 d内水淹处理其发芽率和发芽势提高,超过20 d发芽率降低.综合表明,反枝苋种子的水淹耐受性最高,紫苜蓿的水淹耐受性最低,推断紫苜蓿、刺苋和反枝苋种群可能会出现在不同高程的消落带上,其中紫苜蓿分布的高程要高于刺苋和反枝苋,反枝苋种群出现的高程相对其他物种会较低.In order to explore whether the invasive plants in the Three Gorges Reservoir area can adapt to the environment of water level fluctuation,we randomly selected three common invasive plants(Medicago sativa L.,Amaranthus spinosus L.,Amaranthus retroflexus L.)in the reservoir to test the tolerance of their seeds to different waterlogging intensities.In this study,the seeds of M.sativa L.,A.spinosus L.and A.retroflexus L.were treated with water flooding for different periods of time(0,5,10,15,20,25,30 d),and the germination of these seeds was analyzed.The results showed that the germination rate and germination potential of M.sativa L.seeds decreased after flooding,and the seeds died after flooding for more than 20 days.After 5 days of flooding,the germination rate and germination potential of A.spinosus L.seeds increased,and the germination rate decreased after flooding for more than 5 days.The germination rate and germination potential of A.retroflexus L.seeds increased within 20 days of flooding,and the germination rate decreased after 20 days of flooding.Combined with the above results,it is concluded that A.retroflexus L.seeds had the highest waterlogging tolerance,and M.sativa L.seeds had the weakest waterlogging tolerance.Therefore,it can be inferred that M.sativa L.,A.spinosus L.and A.retroflexus L.populations may appear on the different elevations,among which the elevation of M.sativa L.distribution is higher than that of A.spinosus L.and A.retroflexus L.,while the elevation of the A.retroflexus L.population may be lower than that of other species.

关 键 词：三峡库区消落带 入侵植物 发芽率 发芽势 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]