秸秆改良盐碱地的效果及作用机制  

Effects and mechanism of straw application in ameliorating saline-alkali soils

作　　者：刘硕[1,2] 黄迎新 蒋云峰[1] LIU Shuo;HUANG Yingxin;JIANG Yunfeng(College of Geography and Tourism,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland and Animal Husbandry,Changchun 130102,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,吉林四平136000 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林省草地畜牧重点实验室,吉林长春130102

出　　处：《土壤与作物》2024年第4期439-447,共9页Soils and Crops

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA28110201).

摘　　要：土壤盐碱化是土地退化过程,受到气候和人类活动的影响。盐碱土地面积不断增加,成为限制区域农业生产力发展的决定性因子之一。秸秆还田可以减弱土壤盐碱胁迫,提升土壤肥力,提高作物产量。然而,秸秆还田利用的技术方法、改良效果及作用机制等方面研究尚不清晰。本文总结了秸秆改良盐碱土地研究的结果,系统阐述了秸秆还田对盐碱土壤物理结构、养分含量及生物群落结构的影响,分析了秸秆降低土壤盐碱胁迫的内在机制,为建立系统性秸秆改良盐碱地提供理论依据。Soil salinization is the process of soil degradation,which is affected by climate change and anthropogenic activities.Consequently,the area affected by saline-alkali conditions continues to expand,and restrains agricultural productivity in these regions.Straw application can ameliorate soil salinity and alkali stress,and thus improve soil fertility and increase crop yield.However,the effective methods of straw application and the underlying mechanisms are still not unclear,which hinders our understanding of the amelioration to the saline-alkali soils.By reviewing previous studies of straw application in improving saline-alkali soil,this paper systematically summarizes the influences of straw application on the physical structure,nutrient content,and microbial community structure in saline-alkali soil,reveals the internal mechanism of alleviation of soil saline alkali stress with straw application,which could provide a theoretical foundation for the systematic amelioration of saline-alkalinity soil with straw application.

关 键 词：盐碱旱田改良 盐碱治理 秸秆还田 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]