普通油茶全双列杂交子代种仁含油率及其相关性状的遗传分析  

Genetic analysis of kernel oil content and related traits in complete diallel progenies of Camellia oleifera

作　　者：王安妮 王开良[2] 柴静瑜 钟慧奇 滕建华 张磊[1] 俞文仙 林萍[2] WANG Anni;WANG Kailiang;CHAI Jingyu;ZHONG Huiqi;TENG Jianhua;ZHANG Lei;YU Wenxian;LIN Ping(State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding/Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding,Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China;Dongfanghong Forest Farm of Zhejiang Province,Jinhua 321025,Zhejiang,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Fuyang District in Hangzhou City,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所林木遗传育种全国重点实验室/全省林木育种重点实验室,浙江杭州311400 [3]浙江省金华市婺城区东方红林场,浙江金华321025 [4]杭州市富阳区农业农村局,浙江杭州311400

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2024年第6期1170-1179,共10页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2200401);浙江省林木新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02070-2)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究普通油茶Camellia oleifera杂交子代种仁油脂相关性状的遗传变异规律,为杂交育种中的亲本选配提供依据。【方法】以普通油茶5个优良无性系为亲本进行5×5全双列杂交(无自交),测定20个杂交子代家系的种仁含油率和木质素、纤维素和半纤维素质量分数,分析性状间的相关性,明确亲本的一般配合力和杂交组合的特殊配合力,解析各性状的遗传变异规律。【结果】20个家系的种仁含油率为252.30~537.08 mg·g^(−1),木质素质量分数为49.64~222.20 mg·g^(−1),纤维素质量分数为42.11~130.43 mg·g^(−1),半纤维素质量分数为3.72~111.96 mg·g^(−1)。种仁含油率以及木质素、纤维素和半纤维素质量分数在20个家系间均存在极显著差异(P<0.01),且4个性状间存在极显著的相关性(P<0.01),含油率与木质素质量分数相关性系数最高,为−0.47。除木质素质量分数的特殊配合力和含油率的反交效应外,亲本在4个性状中的一般配合力、特殊配合力和反交效应均差异极显著(P<0.01)。种仁含油率和半纤维素质量分数受加性效应和显性效应共同控制,且显性方差大于加性方差;木质素质量分数主要受加性效应控制,纤维素质量分数则主要受显性效应控制。4个性状的广义遗传力为7.86%~14.03%,狭义遗传力为0~14.03%,均受到较强的环境效应影响。【结论】根据配合力分析结果,筛选出2个普通油茶优良亲本‘长林4号’和‘长林40号’,2个优良组合‘长林40号’ב长林95号’和‘长林4号’ב长林53号’。[Objective]The objective is to study the genetic variation patterns of oil-related traits in complete diallel progenies of Camellia oleifera,and to provide basis for parental selection in cross breeding.[Method]5×5 complete diallel hybridization(no self-crossbreeding)was carried out with 5 excellent clones of C.oleifera as parents,and the oil content,lignin,cellulose and hemicellulose contents of 20 hybrid families were determined.The correlation among traits was analyzed,the general combining ability of parents and the specific combining ability of hybrid combinations were determined,and the genetic variation rules among traits were analyzed.[Result]The kernel oil content of 20 families ranged from 252.30 to 537.08 mg·g^(−1),the lignin content was from 49.64 to 222.20 mg·g^(−1),the cellulose content was from 42.11 to 130.43 mg·g^(−1),and the hemicellulose content was from 3.72 to 111.96 mg·g^(−1).There were significant differences in oil,lignin,cellulose and hemicellulose contents of kernels among 20 families(P<0.01),and there were significant correlations(P<0.01)among the 4 traits.The correlation coefficient between oil content and lignin content was the highest(−0.47).Except for the specific combining ability of lignin content and reciprocal cross effect of oil content,the general combining ability,specific combining ability and reciprocal cross effect of the parents were significantly different(P<0.01)in the 4 traits.Oil and hemicellulose contents of kernels were jointly controlled by additive and dominant effect,and dominant variance was greater than additive variance.The lignin content was mainly affected by additive effect and the cellulose content was mainly controlled by dominant effect.The broad-sense heritability of the 4 traits ranged from 7.86%to 14.03%,and the narrow-sense heritability was 0 to 14.03%,all of which were strongly influenced by environmental factors.[Conclusion]Based on the analysis of combining ability,2 excellent parents‘Changlin No.4’and‘Changlin No.40’,as wel

关 键 词：普通油茶 全双列杂交 油脂性状 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]