2018—2022年南宁市手足口病流行病学及病原学特征  

Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Nanning from 2018 to 2022

作　　者：黄成伟 曾毅[1] 梁长威[1] 梁夏楠 HUANG Chengwei;ZENG Yi;LIANG Changwei;LIANG Xianan(Nanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning,Guangxi 530023,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁市疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530023

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第11期858-862,880,共6页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会科研基金(Z20211551)(Z20180348)。

摘　　要：目的了解南宁市手足口病流行病学和病原学分布特征,为今后科学制定防控策略提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集南宁市手足口病病例,采用描述性流行病学方法,对2018—2022年南宁市手足口病流行特征进行分析。通过南宁市疾病预防控制中心收集南宁市定点医院手足口病病例标本,开展肠道病毒核酸分型检测。结果2018—2022年南宁市累计报告手足口病病例152993例,年发病率在48.00/10万~644.25/10万,不同年份发病率差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=69666.366,P<0.05)。时间分布具有明显的季节性,发病时间呈双峰分布,4—7月为主高峰,9—11月为次高峰,不同月份发病率差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=208626.262,P<0.05)。南宁15个县(市、区)、开发区均有病例报告,年均发病率前3位的为高新区(699.50/10万)、经开区(627.05/10万)、兴宁区(536.32/10万),不同地区发病率差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8758.662,P<0.05)。病例男女比例为1.47∶1,发病率男性(446.28/10万)高于女性(327.28/10万)。职业分布以散居儿童(58.66%)为主。发病年龄以5岁以下儿童(89.24%)为主,1~<2岁儿童组发病率最高(8245.47/10万),≥6岁组最低(24.39/10万)。2018—2022年南宁市共收集手足口病病例标本5285份,阳性率85.45%,以CV-A6和CV-A16病毒为主要流行株,分别占47.54%、34.77%。不同年份病原类型构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1386.245,P<0.05)。结论2018—2022年南宁市手足口病疫情具有明显的季节性发病特征,应加大在流行期对重点人群、场所的防控力度,可及时有效的控制手足口病的传播。Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Nanning,and provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies in the future.Methods The epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Nanning from 2018 to 2022 were analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods,based on the HFMD cases collected through the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System.Samples of HFMD were collected by Nanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention for enterovirus nucleic acid typing.Results From 2018 to 2022,a total of 152993 cases of HFMD were reported in Nanning,and the annual incidence rates ranged from 48.00/100000 to 644.25/100000.There was a significant difference in the incidence rates among different years(χ^(2)=69666.366,P<0.05).The time distribution showed obvious seasonality,and the incidence time showed a bimodal distribution,with the main peak from April to July and the secondary peak from September to November,with statistically significant difference among different months(χ^(2)=208626.262,P<0.05).Each of the 15 counties(cities and districts)in Nanning had cases reported,and the top three with the highest average annual incidences were High-tech District(699.50/100000),Economic Development District(627.05/100000)and Xingning district(536.32/100000).There was a significant difference in the annual incidence among different districts(χ^(2)=8758.662,P<0.05).The incidence was higher in male(446.28/100000)than that in females(327.28/100000),with the male to female ratio of 1.47∶1.The occupational distribution was mainly scattered-living children(58.66%).The age of onset was mainly under 5 years old(89.24%).The incidence rate was highest in the children aged 1-<2 years(8245.47/100000),and was lowest in the children aged 6 years or older(24.39/100000).A total of 5285 samples of HFMD cases were collected in Nanning from 2018 to 2022,with a positive rate of 85.45%,and CV-A6 and CV-A16 viruses were the main epidemic str

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学特征 病原学特征 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]