2020—2023年广东省珠海市A型禽流感病毒外环境污染情况  

External environmental contamination of avian influenza A virus in Zhuhai,Guangdong,from 2020-2023

作　　者：焦亮[1] 郭文燕 林毅雄 赵阳阳 陈泽玲 姚刚[1] JIAO Liang;GUO Wenyan;LIN Yixiong;ZHAO Yangyang;CHEN Zeling;YAO Gang(Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhuhai,Guangdong 519000,China)

机构地区：[1]珠海市疾病预防控制中心,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第11期863-866,共4页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

摘　　要：目的分析广东省珠海市禽流感病毒外环境样本的污染状况,以更好地评估其对公共卫生的潜在威胁,并采取相应的预防措施。方法2020—2023年,随机抽取珠海市居民农贸市场和禽类批发市场,采集外环境样本。样本通过荧光定量Real-time PCR技术进行通用A型禽流感病毒的核酸检测和H5、H7和H9亚型检测工作。结果共采集外环境样本2730份,检出通用A型禽流感病毒核酸阳性样本635份,阳性率为23.26%。A型禽流感病毒检出率11月至次年5月较高。H9亚型检出率最高为17.22%,H5亚型检出率为1.28%,H7亚型检出率为0.95%(χ^(2)=159.397,P<0.001)。居民农贸市场样本阳性检出率为24.91%,高于活禽批发市场(χ^(2)=24.237,P<0.001);秤盘的物表样本阳性检出率为32.89%,高于其他类型样本(χ^(2)=73.972,P<0.001)。结论珠海市外环境样本中存在禽流感病毒污染,居民农贸市场禽流感病毒感染风险高。应强化对居民农贸市场外部环境的消毒工作。Objective To analyze the external environmental contamination of avian influenza virus in Zhuhai City,Guangdong Province,so as to better assess its potential threat to public health and take corresponding preventive measures.Methods From 2020 to 2023,the random sampling method was used to collect the external environment samples of farmer markets and poultry wholesale markets in Zhuhai City.The samples were tested using fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR for nucleic acid detection of avian influenza A virus and detection of H5,H7 and H9 sub-types.Results A total of 2730 external environmental samples were collected,and 635 samples were positive for avian influenza A virus nucleic acid,with the positive rate of 23.26%.The detection rate of avian influenza A virus was relatively high from November to May of the following year.The detection rate was 17.22%for H9 sub-type,which was highest,1.28%for H5 sub-type was,and 0.95%for H7 sub-type(χ^(2)=159.397,P<0.001).The positive detection rate for the samples from residential farmer markets was 24.91%,higher than that from live poultry wholesale markets(χ^(2)=24.237,P<0.001).The positive detection rate for the surface samples from the scale plate was 32.89%,higher than that for other types of samples(χ^(2)=73.972,P<0.001).Conclusions Avian influenza virus contamination is found in external environmental samples in Zhuhai,and the risk of avian influenza virus infection is high in residential farmer markets.The disinfection of the external environment should be strengthened.

关 键 词：禽流感 外环境 污染 监测 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]