156家公共场所设置禁烟环境对顾客吸烟行为的影响分析  

Analysis on the influence of smoke-free environment on customers'smoking behavior in 156 public places

作　　者：唐迎春 陈菲[1] 支倩[2] 蒙怡[2] 秦玉花[2] 吕慧慧 崔钰婷 TANG Ying-chun;CHEN Fei;ZHI Qian;MENG Yi;QIN Yu-hua;LU Hui-hui;CUI Yu-ting(College of Public Healt Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 401334,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院,重庆401334 [2]重庆市沙坪坝区疾病预防控制中心,重庆400038

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2024年第11期993-996,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：2022年度重庆市社会科学规划智库特别委托重点项目:重庆市大健康产业高质量发展路径研究(2022ZDZK42)。

摘　　要：目的了解公共场所禁烟环境设置现况,探讨禁烟环境设置对场所内顾客吸烟行为的影响,为改善控烟效果提供依据。方法2023年4—5月采用方便抽样的方法确定调查场所,运用现场观察法对重庆市某区156家公共场所开展调查。通过χ^(2)检验、非条件二分类Logistic回归分析探讨禁烟环境设置对顾客吸烟行为的影响。结果公共场所入口处禁烟标识、室内禁烟标识、控烟宣传资料、室内外吸烟区规范、非吸烟区未设烟灰缸、吸烟劝阻员设置比例分别为38.46%、45.51%、60.26%、91.03%、96.15%、57.69%。71家(45.51%)调查场所发现烟头、吸烟者等吸烟行为。规范设置入口处和室内禁烟标识(OR=0.440,95%CI:0.203~0.953;OR=0.416,95%CI:0.198~0.877)、规范设置室内外吸烟区(OR=0.099,95%CI:0.019~0.516)以及设置吸烟劝阻员(OR=0.357,95%CI:0.173~0.735)的场所顾客吸烟行为发生风险较未设置场所低。结论入口处和室内禁烟标识、室内外吸烟区规范和吸烟劝阻员设置是减少公共场所顾客吸烟行为发生的保护因素。建议规范禁烟标识设置区域、形式和内容,及时督促室内外吸烟区设置未达标场所进行整改,鼓励场所建立健全控烟考评奖惩制度;开展定期督查与随机抽查相结合的控烟检查;采用科技监测手段,提高控烟执法效率。Objective To understand the status of smoke-free environment settings in public places and explore the influence of smoke-free environment settings on the smoking behavior of customers in public places for improving the efficiency of tobacco control.Methods In April and May 2023,a method of convenient sampling was used to determine the investigation sites,and field observation method was conducted in 156 public places.Chi-square test and unconditional binary logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influence of smoke-free environment on customers'smoking behavior.Results The proportions of non-smoking signs at the entrance,indoor non-smoking signs,tobacco control publicity materials,standard setting of indoor and outdoor smoking areas,non-smoking areas without ashtrays and smoking persuaders were 38.46%,45.51%,60.26%,91.03%,96.15%and 57.69%,respectively.Smoking behavior was found in 71(45.51%)of survey sites.The analysis showed that public places with entrances and indoor non-smoking signs(OR=0.440,95%CI:0.203-0.953;OR=0.416,95%CI:0.198-0.877),standardized indoor and outdoor smoking areas(OR=0.099,95%CI:0.019-0.516),and smoking counselors(OR=0.357,95%CI:0.173-0.735)were associated with fewer smoking behaviors.Conclusion The entrance and indoor non-smoking signs,indoor and outdoor smoking area regulations,and the installation of smoking persuaders are protective factors to reduce the occurrence of smoking behavior in public places.It is recommended to set standardized area,form and content of non-smoking signs,promptly urge smoking areas to set up substandard places for rectification,and encourage places to establish and improve the reward and punishment system for tobacco control evaluation.Carry out tobacco control inspection combining regular spervision and romdom inspection;Adopt scientific and technological monitoring means to improe the efficiency of tobacco control law enforcement.

关 键 词：公共场所 禁烟环境 吸烟行为 影响 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]