源于秸秆大尺寸植物纤维填充禾塑复合材料的制备及性能评价  

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of Large Straw Sized Plant Fiber Filled Herb-plastic Composites Derived from Straw

作　　者：黄骏成 谢良科 那海宁 朱锦 HUANG Juncheng;XIE Liangke;NA Haining;ZHU Jin(Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials of Zhejiang Province,Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,China;Hainan University,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所浙江省生物基高分子材料技术与应用重点实验室,宁波315201 [2]海南大学化学化工学院,海口570228

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2024年第10期75-81,共7页China Biotechnology

基　　金：海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2023XDNY053)资助项目。

摘　　要：目的:通过将源于禾本植物的秸秆填料以高含量、大尺寸、纤维状的方式引入到聚乙烯(polyethylene,PE)树脂当中,对PE基秸秆禾塑复合材料的制备及性能评价进行研究。方法:利用自主设计的设备将秸秆和PE粒子进行一体化投料,通过高速摩擦生热的方式达到PE熔点后混合成为禾塑复合材料。结果:复合材料内部的秸秆填料尺寸可达到0.8~1.0 cm,同时形成纵横交错的结构,材料综合性能显著提升;复合材料的弯曲强度达到42.8~76.1 MPa,弯曲模量为3590~4990 MPa;经60 d浸泡后,材料的吸水率均低于18%,热变形温度在93.5~101.1℃之间,握螺钉力达到3520~3900 N。结论:通过构建禾塑复合材料制备技术,不仅可制备源于秸秆的高性能生物基材料,同时也为秸秆高质量离田利用提供了新的策略。Objective:By introducing straw fillers from herbaceous plant into polyethylene(PE)resin with high content,large size and fibrous structure,the research on polyethylene based herbal plastic composite was carried out.Methods:Using self-designed equipment to integrate straw and PE particles for feeding,it achieves the temperature up to the melting point of PE through high-speed friction heating before mixing to form a herb-plastic composite.Results:Inside the composite,the size of the straw filler reaches 0.8~1.0 cm to form a criss-cross structure,thus improving the overall performance.The bending strength and modulus of the composite are 42.8~76.1 MPa and 3590~4990 MPa,respectively.After soaking for 60 d,the water absorption rates of the composites are all less than 18%.The thermal deformation temperature is 93.5~101.1℃.The nail holding force is up to 3520~3900 N.Conclusion:Through the establishment and development of this technology,it not only lays the foundation for the design and preparation of the bio-based materials from straw with high performances,but also creates a new methodology for high-quality off-field utilization of straw.

关 键 词：禾塑复合材料 植物纤维 大尺寸 耐水性 握螺钉力 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]