硅质壳在药物递送领域的应用  

Advances in the Utilization of Diatom Frustules for the Development of Drug Delivery Systems

作　　者：尤润宇 王候杰 高亚辉[1,2] 陈长平 梁君荣[1,2] YOU Runyu;WANG Houjie;GAO Yahui;CHEN Changping;LIANG Junrong(School of Life Sciences,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Environment Science,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学生命科学学院滨海湿地生态系统教育部重点实验室,厦门361102 [2]厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室,厦门361102

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2024年第10期89-98,共10页China Biotechnology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金(2021J01030);国家自然科学基金(42076115)资助项目。

摘　　要：现有医药业的主要挑战是将治疗药物以有效浓度输送到人体特定区域(即患病组织),同时对健康组织的副作用最小。研发高效装载和递送药物的载药系统是关键环节。硅藻硅质壳因其独特的多级微纳米孔隙、天然的精细微结构、可修饰的表面化学特性、优异的热稳定性、生物相容性、易获得性以及环境友好性,从而成为研发药物递送系统的新兴生物功能材料。综述硅藻硅质壳基于药物递送系统研发的结构特征、理化特性以及生物安全性,比较不同硅基微纳米药物载体的特点,总结多样化硅质壳表面功能化策略实现不同载药体系构建的研究进展,探讨硅质壳在药物递送领域面临的挑战和未来研发方向。The pharmaceutical industry faces the critical challenge of delivering therapeutic drugs precisely to diseased tissue while minimizing adverse effects on healthy tissue.Achieving this goal requires the development of advanced drug delivery systems capable of efficient drug loading and transport.Diatom frustules,the silica shells of diatoms,have emerged as promising candidates for such systems due to their unique structural and functional properties.These include multi-level micro-nano porosity,a finely detailed natural microstructure,and modifiable surface chemistry.Additionally,diatom frustules offer excellent thermal stability,biocompatibility,accessibility,and environmental friendliness.This article provides a comprehensive review of the structural characteristics,physicochemical properties,and biological safety of diatom frustules in drug delivery applications.It compares these properties with those of other silicon-based nano/micro drug carriers,reviews recent advances in the construction of drug delivery systems utilizing various functionalization strategies applied to diatom frustules,and discusses the current challenges and future directions in the field.

关 键 词：硅藻 硅质壳 药物递送系统 表面功能化 

分 类 号：Q811[生物学—生物工程]