新型杂化结构发泡稳定剂多功能材料的制备及机理研究  

Preparation and mechanism study of multifunctional materials withnovel heterostructured foam stabilizers

作　　者：张梦圆 程柏杰 光善仪 徐洪耀 ZHANG Mengyuan;CHENG Baijie;GUANG Shanyi;XU Hongyao(Key Laboratory of Science&Technology of Eco-Texile Ministry of Education,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Research Center for Analysis and Measurement&College of Materials Science and Engineering,State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学化学与化工学院生态纺织教育部重点实验室,上海201620 [2]东华大学分析测试中心材料学院,纤维改性国家重点实验室,上海201620

出　　处：《功能材料》2024年第11期11009-11016,共8页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52372282)。

摘　　要：为了解决硬质聚氨酯发泡过程中存在塌泡、大孔等性能缺陷,通过绿色、简单的“硫醇-烯”点击反应一步制备了新型POSS基杂化硅氧烷泡沫稳定剂。通过调节疏水性基团TFEMA(甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯)、CHE(环己烯)以及亲水性APEG(聚乙二醇单丙烯酸酯)基团之间的平衡探究具有最佳性能的新型泡沫稳定剂。核磁共振波谱及红外光谱证实了复合材料的成功制备,SEM表征以及乳白时间、流动性、压缩强度等测试表明结构易于设计与控制的POSS纳米材料,能有效促进组分之间有效互溶、降低表面能,末端羟基可有效化学连接到PU骨架结构,在泡孔形成过程中纳米无机POSS芯明显增强泡壁强度,有效抑制大孔的形成,这种无机纳米芯和低表面能分子设计产生的多功能协同,使得所制备的聚氨酯泡沫具有更加均匀的泡孔分布和出色的机械性能。研究为多功能泡沫稳定剂的分子设计和开发应用提供了新的启发和理论基础。In order to solve the performance defects of rigid polyurethane foaming process,such as collapsed bubbles and large holes,the present work was carried out to prepare new POSS-based hybrid siloxane foam stabilizers in one step by a green and simple"thiol-alkene"click reaction.The balance between hydrophobic groups TFEMA(trifluoroethyl methacrylate)and CHE(cyclohexene)and hydrophilic APEG(poly(ethylene glycol)monoacrylate)groups was adjusted to explore the new foam stabilizers with optimal properties.Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy confirmed the successful preparation of the composites.SEM characterization and tests on emulsion time,fluidity and compression strength showed that the POSS nanomaterials,which are easy to design and control in structure,can effectively promote the effective mutual solubility of the components,reduce the surface energy,and the terminal hydroxyl group can be chemically connected to the PU skeleton structure effectively,so that the nano-inorganic POSS cores can significantly strengthen the bubble wall during the process of pore formation and effectively inhibit the formation of macropores.During the process of foam pore formation,the inorganic POSS nanocore significantly enhances the foam wall strength and effectively inhibits the formation of large pores.This multifunctional synergy between the inorganic nanocore and low-surface-energy molecule design results in a more uniform distribution of foam pores and excellent mechanical properties of the prepared polyurethane foam.The study provides new inspiration and theoretical basis for the molecular design and development of multifunctional foam stabilizers.

关 键 词：点击化学 POSS 硬质聚氨酯泡沫 发泡稳定剂 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]