外场作用下的自修复功能高分子  

Self-healing Functional Polymers Triggered via External Stimuli

作　　者：张泽平 容敏智 章明秋 ZHANG Ze-ping;RONG Min-zhi;ZHANG Ming-qiu(Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education,Guangdong Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Composites,Institute of Green Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,School of Chemistry,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]聚合物复合材料及功能材料教育部重点实验室,广东省高性能树脂基复合材料重点实验室,中山大学绿色化学与分子工程研究院,中山大学化学学院,广州510275

出　　处：《高分子通报》2024年第11期1503-1523,共21页Polymer Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号52033011,52373095);广东省高等学校功能分子工程基础研究卓越中心资助项目。

摘　　要：含有特定官能团、分子结构或者功能填料的功能高分子材料在电子信息、能源、生物医用等高新技术领域有着广阔的应用前景。由于功能高分子材料在制造和使用过程中,不可避免地会遭受损伤,以及化学成分和分子结构的变化,从而导致功能的衰减甚至丧失。自修复功能高分子可以在一定的外场作用下,通过化学或物理作用,实现非结构功能的恢复,显著提高材料的服役寿命和耐久性。本文综述了机械力、电场、光、微波、磁场、直接加热、湿度/水和化学试剂等外场条件激发的自修复功能高分子的研究进展,并仔细分析了各类激发方法的基本原理、实施过程和特点。在此基础上,进一步讨论了该领域的挑战和发展趋势,希望能推动自修复功能高分子材料的实际应用发展。Functional polymer materials containing specific functional groups,structures or functional fillers have broad application prospects in the fields of electronic information,energy and biology.During their manufacturing and usage,damage and variations in chemical compositions and molecular structures would inevitably occur,leading to attenuation and even loss of valuable functionalities.Selfhealing functional polymers can achieve the non-structural recovery of functional properties via chemical or physical interactions under external stimuli,which significantly improve service life and durability of the materials.The present article reviews the research progress of self-healing functional polymers triggered by external fields such as mechanical force,electric field,light,microwave,magnetic field,direct heating,humidity/water and chemical reagents.Meantime,the basic principles,implementation processes,and characteristics of various excitation methods are carefully analyzed.Based on the above analyses,the challenges and development trend of this emerging field are further discussed,in hope of promoting practical application of self-healing functional polymer materials.

关 键 词：自修复 外场作用 功能恢复 功能高分子 高分子复合材料 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业]