安徽省中小学生脊柱弯曲异常状况及影响因素分析  

Spinal Curvature Abnormalities and Influencing Factors among Primaryand Secondary School Students in Anhui Province

作　　者：马茹君[1] 王法艳[1] 纪艳[1] MA Ru-jun;WANG Fa-yan;JI Yan(Anhui Medical College,Hefei,Anhui 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医学高等专科学校,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《河北北方学院学报（自然科学版）》2024年第12期25-28,32,共5页Journal of Hebei North University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：安徽省教育厅自然科学重点项目(No.KJ2021A1274)。

摘　　要：目的探讨安徽省中小学生脊柱弯曲异常发生率及影响因素,为该地区中小学生脊柱弯曲异常的预防与管理提供参考。方法采用分层抽样法,随机抽取安徽省皖南、皖中、皖北各3个县(区)共计18所学校14858名中小学生,开展脊柱弯曲筛查。统计分析中小学脊柱侧弯情况,采用二元Logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果调查的14858名中小学生中脊柱弯曲异常人数394,检出率为2.65%。单因素分析结果显示性别、学段、学校位置、黑板面平均照度、人均教室面积、课桌椅分配符合率是影响安徽省中小学生脊柱弯曲异常的相关因素(P<0.05),黑板反射比不是安徽省中小学生脊柱弯曲异常的相关影响因素(P>0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果表明性别(OR=1.28,P<0.05)、学段(OR=2.67,P<0.05)、教室人均面积(OR=2.93,P<0.05)和黑板面平均照度(OR=1.34,P<0.05)是安徽省中小学生脊柱侧弯的危险因素,而课桌椅分配符合率(OR=0.94,P<0.05)和学校位置(OR=0.03,P<0.05)则是脊柱侧弯的保护因素。结论安徽省中小学生脊柱弯曲异常受性别、学段、教室人均面积、黑板面平均照度、课桌椅分配符合率及学校位置的影响,可根据上述可控因素进行合理干预,降低中小学生脊柱弯曲异常风险。Objective To explore the incidence and influencing factors of spinal curvature abnormalities in primary and secondary school students in Anhui Province,and to provide references for the prevention and management of spinal curvature abnormalities in primary and secondary school students in this area.Methods A total of 14,858 primary and secondary school students from 18 schools in southern Anhui,central Anhui and northern Anhui were randomly selected by stratified sampling method to carry out spinal curvature screening.The scoliosis in primary and secondary schools was statistically analyzed,and the influencing factors were analyzed by binary Logistic regression.Results The number of spinal curvature abnormalities in primary and secondary schools was 394,and the detection rate was 2.65%.The univariate analysis results showed that gender,school segment,school location,average illumination of blackboard surface,per capita classroom area and conformity rate of desk and chair allocation were the related factors affecting spinal curvature abnormalities in primary and secondary school students in Anhui Province(P<0.05),while blackboard reflectance was not the related factor of spinal curvature abnormalities in primary and secondary school students(P>0.05).Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that gender(OR=1.28,P<0.05),school stage(OR=2.67,P<0.05),per capita classroom area(OR=2.93,P<0.05)and blackboard average illumination(OR=1.34,P<0.05)were the risk factors of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students,while the coincidence rate of desks and chairs distribution(OR=0.94,P<0.05)and school location(OR=0.03,P<0.05)were the protective factors of scoliosis.Conclusion The abnormal spinal curvature of primary and secondary school students in Anhui Province is affected by gender,school segment,per capita area of classroom,average illumination of blackboard surface,coincidence rate of desks and chairs distribution and school location.Reasonable intervention can be carried out according to the above controllable fa

关 键 词：脊柱弯曲异常 中小学生 教学环境 回归分析 

分 类 号：R726.8[医药卫生—儿科]