245份陆地棉品种农艺性状及产量构成综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of basic agronomic traits and yield components of 245 Gossypium hirsutum L.varieties

作　　者：崔豫疆 龚照龙[2] 王俊铎[2] 郑巨云[2] 桑志伟 阳妮 梁亚军[2] 李雪源[2] 曲延英[1] CUI Yujiang;GONG Zhaolong;WANG Junduo;ZHENG Juyun;SANG Zhiwei;YANG Ni;LIANG Yajun;LI Xueyuan;QU Yanying(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Economic Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第10期2358-2365,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“机采棉新品种培育及技术示范”(2021A02001)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同陆地棉品种资源农艺性状及产量结构,分析各性状间的关系,筛选出综合性状优良的品种。【方法】利用变异性、相关性、主成分和聚类分析等方法,综合评价245份陆地棉品种的11个农艺性状。【结果】245份陆地棉品种籽棉产量的变异系数最高为12.79%,果枝数最低为3.61%;棉花籽棉产量与第一果枝高度、果节数、单株结铃数、枝载铃、节载铃呈极显著正相关;主成分分析提取了5个主成分,累计贡献率78.44%。其中,PC1为成铃因子,PC2为株型因子,PC3为铃重因子,PC4为衣分因子,PC5为果枝因子;聚类分析将材料分为五类,第Ⅰ类有55份材料,第Ⅱ类有82份材料,第Ⅲ类有12份材料,第Ⅳ类有7份材料,第Ⅴ类有89份材料。【结论】枝载铃、节载铃是决定棉花产量的重要因素。筛选出以川73-27、新陆早25号为代表的大铃棉花品种,鲁棉研27号、赣棉17号和18N4等综合性状优良的品种。【Objective】Through the analysis and research on the agronomic traits and yield structure of 245 upland cotton varieties,the relationship between the traits was clarified,and the varieties with excellent comprehensive traits were selected.【Methods】The 11 traits were comprehensively evaluated by variability analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.【Results】The results showed that the variation coefficient of seed cotton yield of 245 upland cotton varieties was the highest(12.79%),and the number of fruit branches was the lowest(3.61%).The lowest number of fruit branches was 3.61%.The seed cotton yield was significantly positively correlated with the height of the first fruit branch,the number of fruit nodes,the number of bolls per plant,the number of bolls per branch and the number of bolls per plant.Five principal components were extracted by principal component analysis,with a cumulative contribution rate of 78.44%.Among them,PC1 is a boll-forming factor,PC2 is a plant type factor,PC3 is a boll weight factor,PC4 is a lint factor,and PC5 is a fruit branch factor;the materials were divided into five categories by cluster analysis.There were 55 materials in the first category,82 materials in the second category,12 materials in the third category,7 materials in the fourth category,and 89 materials in the fifth category.【Conclusion】Branch-bearing bolls and node-bearing bolls are important factors determining cotton yield,which can be further used as selection criteria for improving cottonseed yield of different traits.The large boll varieties represented by C73-27 and Xinluzao 25,and the varieties with excellent comprehensive traits such as Lumian27,Ganmian17 and 18N4 were selected.

关 键 词：陆地棉 品种资源 农艺性状 综合评价 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]