不同时期干旱胁迫对谷子产量及干物质积累的影响  

Effects of drought stress on foxtail millet yield and dry matter accumulation in different periods

作　　者：邵疆 赵云 胡相伟[2] 刘杰 纳斯如拉·克热木[3] 石书兵[1] 冯国郡[1] SHAO Jiang;ZHAO Yun;HU Xiangwei;LIU Jie;Nasirula Keremu;SHI Shubing;FENG Guojun(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830000,China;Institute of Food Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830000,China;Qitai Triticeae Crops Experimental Station,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qitai Xinjiang 831800,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆农业科学院奇台麦类试验站,新疆奇台831800

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第10期2388-2395,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家谷子高粱产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-06-14.5-B30);国家自然科学基金地区项目(3206150401);新疆农业科学院农业科技创新稳定支持专项(xjnkywdzc-2023001)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究干旱胁迫下谷子不同生长时期生长发育及干物质积累间的关系,阐明干旱胁迫对谷子生长发育及产量的影响。【方法】以新引3个粮用谷子品种为材料,通过人工控制水分灌溉量,于谷子不同生育时期进行旱胁迫处理,探究不同时期旱胁迫谷子生长发育及产量性状的变化规律。【结果】(1)抽穗期干旱胁迫对谷子农艺性状的影响显著,其中济07607株高下降10.2%,嫩选10号株高和穗长分别下降了10.9%和16.0%,保谷22穗长和茎基粗分别下降了22.8%和14.6%。(2)抽穗期干旱胁迫对谷子SPAD值、叶面积和干物质积累影响显著。(3)抽穗期干旱对植株生长发育及产量的影响显著,产量分别较对照降低19.6%、37.5%和18.4%。灌水量与地上部干质量、生物量和产量在0.001水平显著正相关。(4)不同粮用谷子品种的抗旱性表现为保谷22>济07607>嫩选10号。【结论】抽穗期是谷子干旱胁迫敏感时期,栽培中应保证抽穗期谷子充足的土壤水分,以保证谷子产量的增加。【Objective】The objective of this project is to study the relationship between the growth and development of millet and dry matter accumulation under drought stress in different growth stages and to elucidate the effects of drought stress on the growth and yield of millet.【Methods】Three newly introduced millet varieties(lines)were used as experimental materials,and the water irrigation amount was artificially controlled,and drought stress treatment was carried out at different growth stages of millet to explore the changes of millet growth and yield traits under drought stress at different stages.【Results】(1)Drought stress had a significant effect on the agronomic traits of millet at heading stage,among which the plant height of 07607 decreased by 10.2%,the plant height and spike length of Nenxuan No.10 decreased by 10.9%and 16.0%,respectively,and the spike length and stem base diameter of Baogu 22 decreased by 22.8%and 14.6%,respectively.(2)Drought stress at heading stage had significant effects on SPAD value,leaf area and dry matter accumulation of millet.(3)Drought at heading stage had a significant effect on plant growth and yield,and the yield was 19.6%,37.5%and 18.4%lower than that of the control,respectively.Irrigation amount was significantly positively correlated with aboveground dry weight,biomass and yield at 0.001 level.(4)The drought resistance of different grain millet varieties(lines)was Baogu 22>Ji 07607>Nenxuan 10.【Conclusion】The heading stage is a sensitive period for millet to drought stress,and sufficient soil moisture should be ensured during this stage to ensure the increase of millet yield.

关 键 词：干旱胁迫 谷子 农艺性状 干物质积累 产量 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]