正念和大学生主观幸福感:生命意义感的中介作用和专业类型的调节作用  

Mindfulness and subjective well-being among undergraduates:The mediating role of meaning in life and the moderating role of professional type

作　　者：朱昊 王华容[2] 孙丹 周一舟 ZHU Hao;WANG Huarong;SUN Dan;ZHOU Yizhou(School of Education Science,Nantong University,Nantong 226001,China;Institute of Special Environmental Medicine,Nantong University;School of Education Science,Chongqing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]南通大学教育科学学院,226001 [2]南通大学特种医学研究院 [3]重庆师范大学教育科学学院

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2024年第12期1909-1914,共6页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：江苏省社科基金项目资助(编号:21JYB013);江苏省2020年度高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(编号:2020SJZDA118)。

摘　　要：目的:探究大学生正念水平、主观幸福感和生命意义感的关系,生命意义感、正念和主观幸福感之间的作用机制和专业类型的调节作用。方法:采用五因素正念量表(FFMQ)、主观幸福感量表(IWB)、生命意义感量表(MLQ)对国内4所高校626名大学生进行问卷调查。结果:(1)大学生的正念水平得分与其主观幸福感得分呈显著正相关(r=0.420,P<0.001),与生命意义感得分呈显著正相关(r=0.295,P<0.001);大学生生命意义感得分与其主观幸福感得分呈显著正相关(r=0.308,P<0.001);(2)生命意义感在正念与主观幸福感之间起部分中介作用,中介效应占比为13.74%;(3)专业类型在生命意义感的分维度之一:寻求意义感与主观幸福感间起调节作用(β=-0.112,P<0.05),寻求意义感对理工类大学生主观幸福感的正向预测效应更大。结论:正念对大学生主观幸福感具有预测效应,既包括正念的直接效应,也包括通过生命意义感对其产生的间接效应;专业类型在寻求意义感和主观幸福感间起调节作用。Objective:To explore the relationship between mindfulness,subjective well-being and meaning in life among college students,the mechanism of meaning in life between mindfulness and subjective well-being,and the moderating effect of major types on subjective well-being.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted by both online and offline,and 626 college students from four universities in China completed the five-factor mindfulness scale(FFMQ),subjective well-being scale(IWB)and meaning in life scale(MLQ).Results:①Mindfulness was significantly positively correlated with subjective well-being(r=0.420,P<0.001)and meaning in life(r=0.295,P<0.001).Meaning in life was significantly positively correlated with subjective well-being(r=0.308,P<0.001).②Meaning in life meaning played a partial mediating role between mindfulness and subjective well-being,and the mediating effect accounts for 13.74%.③Major types played a moderating role in one of the sub-dimensions of meaning in life:Seeking meaning and subjective well-being(β=-0.112,P<0.05).Conclusion:Mindfulness can not only positively affect subjective well-being,but also indirectly affect it through meaning in life;Major types play a moderating role between seeking meaning and subjective well-being.

关 键 词：正念 主观幸福感 生命意义感 大学生 专业类型 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学] B844.2[医药卫生—医学心理学]