深层高含硫气井高强度低合金钢油井管技术现状及展望  

Technical status and prospect of high-strength low-alloy-steel OCTG for deep high-sulfur gas wells

作　　者：袁军涛 韩燕 李轩鹏 付安庆 冯耀荣 杨放 林凯 YUAN Juntao;HAN Yan;LI Xuanpeng;FU Anqing;FENG Yaorong;YANG Fang;LIN Kai(National Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Drilling and Transportation Equipment//CNPC Tubular Goods Research Institute,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]油气钻采输送装备全国重点实验室•中国石油集团工程材料研究院有限公司,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《天然气工业》2024年第11期127-135,共9页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“双金属冶金复合管互扩散梯度界面微观结构特征及复杂油气开采环境损伤机制”(编号:52071338);中国石油天然气集团有限公司科技项目“石油工程基础材料、基础元器件研究”(编号:2023ZZ11);中国石油天然气集团有限公司软科学研究课题“支撑集团公司高端装备制造的工程材料发展战略研究”(编号:中油研20240133)。

摘　　要：中国深层高含硫油气资源丰富、潜力巨大,是未来重要的接替资源,但深部油气勘探开发及苛刻服役工况(超高温、超高压、高含酸性气体)对油井管柱强度和抗硫化物应力腐蚀开裂(SSC)性能提出了更高的挑战和要求。油井管柱轻量化和完整性是其安全高效开发的重要保障,这对油井管强度和SSC提出了更高的要求。由于强度升高会导致更高的SSC敏感性,因此强韧性与SSC抗性的匹配成为油井管安全服役的关键。为此,在系统分析钢质油井管的SSC机制及影响因素的基础上,分析了高强度低合金钢抗硫油井管产品体系、材料开发及SSC试验评价的技术现状,展望了未来发展方向。研究结果表明:①钢质油井管发生SSC的本质在于氢与钢中缺陷的相互作用,而冶金因素(如化学元素、显微组织等)决定着钢中缺陷种类、数量及分布;②通过化学成分优化、纳米级析出相调控、夹杂物优化、降低位错密度等方法获得均匀细小的马氏体组织及均匀弥散分布的纳米级碳化物是改善125 ksi(1 ksi=6.895 MPa)钢SSC抗性的有效途径;③传统SSC试验方法已不适用于高强度抗硫油井管的评价,应建立适合于超深井工况的SSC风险分级指标,形成适用于超深井用高强度抗硫油井管的全尺寸SSC评价方法。结论认为:①提出了利用材料基因工程技术加快具有理论意义和应用价值的抗硫油井管成分—组织设计及开发理念;②应持续加快125 ksi抗硫油井管的研发,明确其质量控制体系和应用边界,为深层高含硫气井用高强度抗硫油井管的安全服役提供支撑。China is rich in deep high-sulfur oil and gas resources with great potential,which are the important replacement resources in the future.However,the exploration and development and harsh working conditions(ultra-high temperature,ultra-high pressure,and high sour gas content)of deep oil and gas exert higher challenges and requirements on the strength and sulfide stress cracking(SSC)resistance of oil well string.The lightweight and integrity of oil well string are the important guarantee for its safe and efficient development,which puts forward higher requirements for strength and SSC resistance of oil country tubular goods(OCTG).The increasing of strength can increase the SSC susceptibility,so the matching between strength-toughness and SSC resistance is the key to the safe service of OCTG.After analyzing the SSC mechanisms and influencing factors of steel OCTG,this paper investigates the technical status of the product system,material development and SSC test evaluation of high-strength low-alloy steel sulfur-resistant OCTG,and predicts the future development direction.The following results are obtained.First,the essence of SSC in steel OCTG lies in the interaction between hydrogen and defects in steels,while metallurgical factors(such as chemical elements,and microstructure)control the type,quantity and distribution of defects in steels.Second,obtaining uniform and fine martensitic structure and uniformly dispersed nanoscale carbides by means of chemical composition optimization,nanoscale precipitation phase control,inclusion optimization,and dislocation density reduction is an effective way to improve the SSC resistance of 125 ksi steel.Third,the traditional SSC test methods are no longer applicable to the evaluation of high-strength sulfur-resistant OCTG,so it is necessary to establish the SSC risk classification indexes suitable for deep wells,and the full-scale SSC evaluation method applicable to the high-strength sulfur-resistant OCTG used for ultradeep wells.In conclusion,it is proposed to make use of the

关 键 词：深层油气 硫化氢 硫化物应力腐蚀开裂(SSC) 油井管 高强度 显微组织 低合金钢 SSC敏感性 

分 类 号：TE93[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备] TE983