光伏电催化硫化氢分解制氢脱硫经济性分析  

An economic analysis on photovoltaic electrocatalytic hydrogen sulfide decomposition for hydrogen production and desulfurization

作　　者：周莹[1,2] 饶家豪 唐春[1,2,3] 段超 马柱 郭恒[1,3] 李金金 ZHOU Ying;RAO Jiahao;TANG Chun;DUAN Chao;MA Zhu;GUO Heng;LI Jinjin(School of New Energy and Materials,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China;State Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation//Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China;Tianfu Yongxing Laboratory,Chengdu,Sichuan 610213,China;Natural Gas Research Institute,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学新能源与材料学院,四川成都610500 [2]油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室·西南石油大学,四川成都610500 [3]天府永兴实验室 [4]中国石油西南油气田公司天然气研究院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2024年第11期178-191,共14页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“酸性气藏清洁开发利用”(编号:52325401);四川省自然科学基金项目“缺陷工程耦合氧化产物调控协同增强电催化硫化氢清洁高值利用”(编号:2023NSFSC0112);天府永兴实验室科技攻关重大项目“水风光多能互补智慧调控技术与碳足迹转换机制研究”(编号:2023KJGG15)。

摘　　要：近年来,以太阳能驱动电催化硫化氢(H2S)制氢脱硫,不仅能够生产绿氢与硫磺,还能高效利用环境资源,推动能源结构转型,是绿色可持续利用H2S资源的变革性新技术。光伏电催化H2S制氢技术具有以可再生能源供能、常温常压、产物易分离等优点,展现出了极大的应用前景,研究其经济性对于促进技术创新与规模应用具有重要意义。为此,以柴达木盆地某光伏发电项目为例,根据光伏电解H2S制氢脱硫系统各模块运行特性,运用线性规划模型,计算了制氢脱硫系统内部收益率(IRR)和平准化制氢成本(LCOH)等经济指标,最后从经济性和敏感性两个方面,剖析了年辐射量、光伏规模、设备成本和制氢能耗等多个因素对关键指标的影响程度。研究结果表明:①储能成本的增加会降低系统经济效益,离网不储能模式下的LCOH优于电解水制氢技术;②年辐射量大于1396 kW·h/m^(2)的油气田布局光伏电催化H2S制氢项目将具有一定经济性;③技术进步率对LCOH的降低效果优于光伏装机规模的增加,未来5年,加速的技术进步率可降低LCOH至15.10元/kg,接近于工业副产提纯制氢技术;④LCOH对电解槽制氢能耗的敏感性程度最高,当电解槽制氢能耗降低20%后,LCOH低至22.37元/kg,基本具备市场竞争条件。结论认为,随着设备制备水平的提升和制氢能耗的进一步降低,光伏电催化H2S制氢脱硫技术将具有较大的经济优势与发展潜力,应加大对该技术的研究和公关力度,以推动油气田的绿色低碳转型。In recent years,as an innovative technology which makes green and sustainable use of hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)resources,the solar energy powered electrocatalytic H_(2)S for hydrogen production and desulfurization can not only produce green hydrogen and sulfur,but also utilize environmental resources efficiently to promote the transition of energy structure.The photovoltaic(PV)electrocatalytic H_(2)S for hydrogen production has the advantages of renewable energy supply,normal pressure and normal temperature,and easy product separation,and presents great application prospect.The study on its economy is of great significance to promote its technical innovation and extensive application.Taking a PV power generation project in the Qaidam Basin as an example,this paper employs a linear programming model to calculate the key economic indicators of hydrogen production and desulfurization system,including internal rate of return(IRR)and levelized cost of hydrogen(LCOH),according to the operation characteristics of each module in the PV electrocatalytic H_(2)S for hydrogen production and desulfurization system.In addition,the influence degree of annual solar radiation,PV capacity,equipment cost and hydrogen production energy consumption on the key indicators are analyzed from the aspects of economy and sensitivity.And the following research results are obtained.First,the increase of energy storage costs diminishes system profitability,and the off-grid,non-storage mode yields a lower LCOH than the water electrolysis for hydrogen production.Second,the PV electrocatalytic H_(2)S for hydrogen production in oil and gas fields with an annual radiation greater than 1396 kW·h/m^(2)has certain economic viability.Third,compared with increasing PV capacity,technological progress rate has a greater impact on reducing LCOH.Accelerated technological progress rate can reduce LCOH to 15.10 CNY/kg in the next five years,approaching the cost of hydrogen production from industrial by-products.Fourth,LCOH is most sensitive to the energy consu

关 键 词：氢能 光伏电催化 硫化氢 平准化制氢成本 技术进步率 影响因素 经济性评价 敏感性分析 

分 类 号：TQ125.12[化学工程—无机化工] TK9[动力工程及工程热物理]