回归土地政治性:农地“三权分置”实践与内在逻辑  

Returning to the Political Nature of Land:the Practice and Internal Logic of'Separating the Ownership,Contractual,and Management Rights for Contracted Rural Land'

作　　者：邓碧玲 DENG Biling

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《决策与信息》2024年第12期40-52,共13页Decision & Information

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“农村社区治理创新问题研究”(22&ZD173)。

摘　　要：“三权分置”改革是我国农地制度的重大改革,但其实践却频频陷入承包农户与实际经营者的利益平衡困境。S村的“三权分置”改革激活并重塑了村庄政治,实现了集体动员、集体规则生成与利益关联重建,发挥了改革在经济、社会和治理等多方面的效益。研究发现,“三权分置”改革的实践路径在于回归土地政治性。土地激活政治的内在逻辑为再造集体,一方面,通过再造集体权利构建了合理的土地市场秩序,在保障农户权益的同时激活了土地的市场价值;另一方面,通过对再造集体利益关联重构了土地利益分配秩序,有效激活了村庄政治。对土地政治性的回归,为实现“三权分置”改革的理想绩效提供了现实条件。The"separation of three rights"reform is a major reform of China's farmland system,but its practice has frequently fallen into the dilemma of balancing the interests of contracted farmers and actual operators.The reform of"separation of three rights"in S village has activated and reshaped village politics,realized collective mobilization,collective rule generation and interest correlation reconstruction,and brought into play the benefits of reform in economy,society and governance.The study found that the practical path of the"separation of three rights"reform is to return to the political nature of land.The internal logic of land activation politics is to recreate the collective.On the one hand,a reasonable land market order is constructed by recreating collective rights,which activates the market value of land while protecting the rights and interests of farmers.On the other hand,through the reconstruction of collective interests,the order of land benefit distribution is reconstructed,which effectively activates village politics.The return to the political nature of land provides realistic conditions for realizing the ideal performance of the"separation of three rights"reform.

关 键 词：农村土地三权分置 土地政治性 土地市场秩序 再造集体 土地承包权 土地经营权 

分 类 号：F321[经济管理—产业经济]