可穿戴设备干预促进老年人身体活动的Meta分析  

Meta-analysis of wearable device interventions to promote physical activity in older adults

作　　者：王锦福 杨管 Wang Jinfu;Yang Guan(School of Physical Education,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学体育学院,广东省广州市510641

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第28期6146-6160,共15页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学学科共建项目(GD22XTY01),项目负责人:杨管;广州市哲学社会科学发展规划共建课题(2023GZGJ327),项目负责人:杨管;广州市科技局一般项目(2023A04J1822),项目负责人:杨管。

摘　　要：目的:虽然可穿戴设备在促进老年人身体活动方面的潜在效益已得到认可,但现有研究针对该人群的具体效果尚未进行全面系统的评估。文章旨在系统评价可穿戴设备干预对老年人中高强度身体活动、低强度身体活动、总身体活动、每日步数以及久坐行为等身体活动相关指标的影响。方法:通过PubMed、EMbase、Scopus、Ovid-Medline、The Cochrane Library、SPORTDiscus、CNKI、维普和万方等数据库检索文献,搜集关于可穿戴设备干预对老年人身体活动影响的随机对照试验,检索时限为各数据库建库至2024-03-10。采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价,运用Review Manager 5.2和Stata 12.0软件进行数据合并、亚组分析、森林图绘制、敏感性分析、发表偏倚评价及单因素Meta回归分析。结果:①最终纳入43篇文献,包含5194个样本量;②Meta分析结果显示,可穿戴设备干预对老年人每日步数(SMD=0.48,95%CI:0.33-0.62,P<0.00001)、中高强度身体活动(SMD=0.29,95%CI:0.20-0.38,P<0.00001)、低强度身体活动(SMD=0.17,95%CI:0.02-0.32,P=0.03)和总身体活动(SMD=0.15,95%CI:0.02-0.28,P=0.02)均有显著的促进效果,然而对改善老年人久坐行为无明显效果(SMD=-0.08,95%CI:-0.21-0.05,P=0.22);③亚组分析结果显示,采用综合干预措施、干预时间≤12周以及使用计步器作为干预设备对促进老年人低强度身体活动和总身体活动的效果更佳;采用综合干预措施、干预时间≤12周及使用加速度计为干预设备可能对促进老年人每日步数和中高强度身体活动更有效;④Meta回归结果表明,年龄(P=0.038)和健康状况(P=0.083)是影响每日步数异质性的重要因素。结论:当前证据表明,可穿戴设备干预在促进老年人每日步数、中高强度身体活动、低强度身体活动和总身体活动方面具有积极作用,建议在设计可穿戴设备干预方案时,考虑采用综合干预方式、干OBJECTIVE:Although the potential benefits of wearable devices in enhancing the physical activity levels of the elderly have been recognized,the specific effects of these devices on this population have not yet been comprehensively and systematically assessed.The aim of this article is to systematically evaluate the effect of wearable device interventions on various physical activity-related indicators in the elderly,including moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,low-intensity physical activity,total physical activity,daily step count,and sedentary behavior.METHODS:A literature search was conducted through databases including PubMed,EMbase,Scopus,Ovid-Medline,The Cochrane Library,SPORTDiscus,CNKI,VIP,and WanFang from inception to March 10,2024,to collect randomized controlled trials on the effect of wearable device interventions on physical activity in the elderly.The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.Data synthesis,subgroup analysis,forest plot creation,sensitivity analysis,publication bias assessment,and univariate meta-regression analysis were performed using Review Manager 5.2 and Stata 12.0 software.RESULTS:(1)A total of 43 articles,encompassing 5194 participants,were included in the final analysis.(2)Meta-analysis results indicated that wearable device interventions significantly enhanced the daily step count(SMD=0.48,95%CI:0.33-0.62,P<0.00001),moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(SMD=0.29,95%CI:0.20-0.38,P<0.00001),low-intensity physical activity(SMD=0.17,95%CI:0.02-0.32,P=0.03),and total physical activity(SMD=0.15,95%CI:0.02-0.28,P=0.02)in the elderly.However,the intervention showed no significant effect on improving sedentary behavior(SMD=-0.08,95%CI:-0.21-0.05,P=0.22).(3)Subgroup analysis revealed that comprehensive intervention strategies,interventions lasting≤12 weeks,and the use of pedometers as intervention devices were more effective in promoting low-intensity physical activity and total physical activity among the elderly.Comprehensiv

关 键 词：运动生理学 可穿戴设备 每日步数 中高强度身体活动 低强度身体活动 总身体活动 久坐行为 老年人 META分析 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] R161.7